“Mob Scene” Commentary Essay

During the horde scene in To Kill A Mockingbird, creator Harper Lee uses juxtaposition of light and dull symbolism to pass on the complexity that exists among great and fiendishness. Through this examination, the intense and tense temperament is depicted firmly to the peruser. All through the scene, dull shadows are clearly connected with the subject of fiendishness, and the horde. The main proof that plainly assembles anticipation about the crowd is â€Å"shadows became substance as lights uncovered strong shapes†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (202). This statement server to keep the perusers mind considering how the crowd may really look. Since Harper Lee leaves an impartial appearance on the hordes faces, the peruser can make their own understanding on the crowds outward appearance, and what they look like. Strong shapes may likewise be an indication of shrewd or unsafe creatures since there are no physical highlights related to the body. By saying the bodies were dull strong shapes, a thrilling mind-set is made and depicted to the peruser. As the strained state of mind emerges all through the horde scene, Scout, Jem and Dill choose to go help out Atticus. â€Å"I drove myself through dim rotten bodies and burst into the hover of light.† (203). In this piece of the scene, honest Scout pushes her way through the dull crowd, winding up around of light with Atticus. The dull crowd, and the hover of light in which Atticus sits, makes an exceptionally unmistakable hindrance of good and shrewdness. Atticus being the â€Å"good guy† sits and watches his respondent Tom Robinson in the hover of light while the dim malodorous collections of the horde intend to kill them both. Having the two sides with various assessments, goals and shading depiction, depicts the strained state of mind. The last proof from the horde scene that shows a differentiation of good and abhorrence is when Atticus, Scout, Jem and Dill leave the hazardous crowd. â€Å"As they went under a streetlight, Atticus connected and kneaded Jem’s hair, his one motion of affection.† (207) This statement gives a returning indication of expectation and goodness. Despite the fact that Atticus requested Jem and the others to return home (to their benefit), without being fruitful, Atticus despite everything cherishes his kid and thinks about him. Harper Lee intentionally gives Atticus’s indication ofâ kindness to show that light is an image of generosity and profound quality. Taking everything into account, Harper Lee makes a snapshot of strain and anticipation in To Kill A Mockingbird during the horde scene through the juxtaposition of the dismal danger of the dull components upon the light.

Brand Name Essay

Today I’m going to discuss nature of items which we are purchasing and their cost. I will jump into certain issues which are generally significant for us when we need to settle on a decision what to pick and purchase. As a matter of first importance and I think prime angle in our choice is nature of the item which is tied up with cost. It is said that â€Å"you get what you pay for† and I think it’s 100% truth. At the point when we need to purchase something dependable and enduring we can’t streamline on it in such a case that we do, we will lament our choice some time later. We as a whole realize that half of the world is enchanted of as yet spreading Chinese market. â€Å"Same items for deep discounted or even less† or â€Å"Replica of unique item yet without margin† †these are a few expressions of Chinese market lovers. It’s nothing further from reality. Alright, we can get a few items confusingly like firsts yet just on first look. Fakes quality is extremely poor and it is inconceivable for them to last even half time of unique items. Also, only the brand. Many individuals purchase garments simply because it’s Louis Vuitton, Burberry or Ralph Lauren, boots on the grounds that it’s Jimmy Choo’s or Louboutin or hardware from Apple and some of them are paying just for the trademark however the rest is cognizant that in the event that they pay more they will have not just unique item with signature that everyone will perceive yet in addition best quality item. It’s not incidental that a few brands are increasingly costly then other, they have fame worked for long years affirmed by best quality and that’s why these brands items are an incentive for cash. By and large the best and notable brands were set up 50, 100 or much more years before. Thirdly, there are some different viewpoints which are driving us to choice like nation of source which is significant for nationalists and Chinese rivals. Also, next thing is our propensities, we are as yet purchasing a similar item without looking if it’s quality is still acceptable yet we become accustomed to getting it. Summarizing, we can say that the most significant variables which have enormous impact on our choices are cost and quality however I think we can’t collectively tell whose the â€Å"winner†. As I would see it quality beats otherâ factors and at long last I will just recurrent the sentence which clarifies everything â€Å"You get what you pay for†.

PAYBACK

PAYBACK In Munich we interviewed Bernhard Brugger, CEO PAYBACK Europe.He shares great insights regarding the challenges prior and during the PAYBACK launch, why PAYBACK today is much more than a multipartner loyalty program and which advice he can share with first time entrepreneurs.Interviewer: Hi. Today we are in Munich with PAYBACK (www.payback.net), and next to me is sitting Bernhard. Bernhard, who are you and what do you do?Bernhard: I am Bernie, CEO of PAYBACK for Europe. Europe in our terms it’s Italy, it’s Poland, and it’s Germany where it all began. Hopefully next year there are some more countries coming up.Interviewer: What did you do before you started this company?Bernhard: I don’t remember. I have been within this company for 14 years, before that I was responsible for the key account management for the Media Saturn Holding within Philips company. So I did basically the sales.Interviewer: What triggered you to become an entrepreneur.Roland Berger and he was involved in consultations in the Miles and More program within the Lufthansa. He talked about having a program similar to Miles and More, but on a much broader basis, on a day to day basis, for the day to day shopping behavior of the customers. I met him a couple of time at the airports and he told me about the idea and I thought to myself this is cool, this is a great new idea, I should join this, I am young so let’s do something else.Interviewer: Let’s talk about the business model of PAYBACK. Can you briefly describe how the business model is currently working and how it may be changed over time?Bernhard: Currently we are seeing ourselves not as a loyalty company, we see ourselves as a multi-channel marketing platform, that’s basically the answer as to how it changed over time. When we started we looked after having a loyalty program, as I said, on a day to day basis, joining a lot of partners who are relevant for the customers, for example the food retail, for example gas stations, an d some other retail chains where customers are used to buying things. We thought to ourselves to have the next wave of the good old client, let’s say it that way. So to collect the data of the customers, to have value for the customers in it, and to provide them with additional benefits. So we started as a purely loyalty program but we now we have developed over time on an offline basis, to a marketing platform, and today we see ourselves as multi-channel marketing platform by bringing in all the digital channels.Interviewer: What triggered this â€" I wouldn’t call it a pivot â€" but the change in the business model?Bernhard: I don’t think it’s a change in the business model, it’s the evolution. And it’s a key evolution because only having the data and only providing the value for customers at the point of sale is not enough, so have to communicate with the customers, you have to tell them what’s in it for them. And what customers are expecting today is that â€" they a re receiving all the time a lot of different ads from all the digital channels, from the TV stations, from the radio, from wherever, so there is a mass of communication targeting all the customers â€" and what customers are expecting from us is we know about what they are doing and we should use the knowledge to give them offers or coupons which are relevant for them and which are personalized. So on an individual they’re expecting from me or from PAYBACK that what they are receiving is relevant and is personalized. So this is the logical evolution of knowing the customers and serving the customer better. So we went into the serving of the customers, as I said, starting on an offline basis with our account statements, and now having a multi-channel platform in place where you have the coupons wherever the customer is.Interviewer: Can you tell us a little bit more how you managed this transition from pure offline player to a multi-platform player, and especially how the current off line platform is working.Bernhard: There is no offline platform anymore. We are a multi-channel platform, that’s the important thing. Our belief is there is no digital customer, but there are customer who are going into points of sale, who are used to having a mobile with them, who like to communicate of Facebook, who like to Twitter, who like to go whatever websites, and our strong belief is not to educate customers to do what you want them to do, our strong belief is to be there where the customer is. So there was no change. If you have a DNA as a company to look after the customer, you have to integrate what’s coming next. And the big change â€" if you like to use the word â€" the big change is to really invest in the new technologies and try to bring in everything you need to be there where the customer is, and to integrate all the new channels. And this in terms of change this was our major achievement to bring the coupon from the offline account statements into this multi- channel marketing platform, and having the coupon ready wherever he is and the same coupon. So he has the same coupon offline that he has online, that he has on the mobile, that he has on the Facebook or Twitter or whatever, and again on the terminals, which is the inter-link between the points of sale and the digital world.To build this up needs a lot of effort, needs of a lot conviction, looking at more traditional partners and sponsors that we are having in our system, to convince them that digital is not only a word, that they really have to fulfill it if they look at the customer, and to have the right systems to have this in place. So we are quite proud because the multi-channel marketing platform we have in place is unique in the world. This as a transition and, to be honest, it was costly.Interviewer: When you started this company what happened to the major drawbacks or problems that you accomplished?Bernhard: We were, whatever, 32 when we started the company. And to go to t he Metro or to the big retail partners and saying , hey, listen we have the next big thing and that it will be a huge thing which is called PAYBACK, and we will collect data, and we will have a multi-channel loyalty scheme â€" which is unique in the world because until 2000 there was an online field, and then we started it on an offline base. So I don’t think that was a multi-channel scheme, a big one, in place anywhere in the world. And to convince those guys wasn’t too easy because we came to the big retail guys and they said, I don’t know, and they asked us who will attempt, who is part of the community of the club? And then we said we are planning. So the first answer was, “Call us if you are off the planning stage and if you have a portfolio ready,” so it’s a chicken and egg discussion.So we had convinced Dr. Koerber from the Metro, he was one of our first big supporters and believers, so thank you again Dr. Koerber. He said okay I will join with my departmental sto res. And we had Dea which was during those days one of the few big gas station chains. And another company had the contract that they had the chance to pull if Metro is not part of the scheme. And again we were in very good discussions with the Telekom and Metro had a contract that they had the right to pull out if Telekom doesn’t join. So it was a card house. And, to answer your question, which was one of our major challenges, at one point in time the Telekom said â€" which is now one of our partners â€" but fourteen years before they said, yeah we will join but it has to be Metro and it has to be Dea. So we thought to ourselves, and we were young, we were 25 people, very ambitious, we planned to start four months later and the Telekom said so that’s the only chance that we would sign the contract. And then we sat and we thought to ourselves, no, it’s important to be independent, because only if you’re independent can you bring a lot of big guys together and be, let’s say , the moderator of the platform. Then Telekom said okay we will pull out. Then we had to go back to Metro and tell them, listen guys, please stay with us, we will make it, and we will put some additional marketing money, and we promise we will have seven million customers at the end of the year, so believe in us. And again to go to Metro and tell the same story and to the other partners like Apollo for examples. Fortunately this was a make or break and if they would have said, “In that case no,” then would only have had a good idea.Again Metro said, okay, I believe in your ideas and I believe in the restructured plan we’re having, and they said okay let’s go on. But this was one of our big disappointments or, let’s say, challenges before we started. And during the last year also one of our big dips was the loss, to be honest, of Obi which is one of the biggest or the biggest do-it-yourself chain in Germany and which was a big and important partner for the whole portfolio a nd for our company. So this was a challenge as well, and during those days we weren’t as big as we are today. So those were let’s say the two major overcomes we had to manage.Interviewer: In terms of corporate strategy, as you said a multi-channel marketing platform, so this would mean that you’re competing with other multi-channel marketing companies like Google or soâ€"Bernhard: Is Google a multi-channel marketing platform?Interviewer: Well, it’s a Google channel. They do retargeting and all the stuff as well. But what distinguishes PAYBACK from other multi-channel marketing companies, and how do you think you need to continue creating some competitive advantage over them?Bernhard: First of all we are not competing against those guys. I think we are kind of unique, because as I said we have the multi-channel marketing platform but our big asset is that we have a multi-partner platform, and we have really cool, big sponsors or partners within our scheme, and that’s our bi ggest asset, and nobody has this connectivity to the retail. I am a strong believer of the retail, and out of this we have customers who are not only linked to us, they are linked to us and to their beloved retail formats wherever they are shopping. So we have this huge asset that we have customers coming from all those partners and going to the others through our scheme. We know a lot about those customers and Google doesn’t know that much about the customers because they have no clue about transaction data, let us say in the offline world. And, additionally, we know what’s going on in digital, and we are working to be even more digital all the time and brining in online or digital official partners to have a broader knowledge, and again to fulfill the customer needs to shop offline and shop online and to display via the multi-channel market platform. So that’s why I think we are in quite a good position, even against those big guys like Google, Facebook, and everybody is thi nking about what to do with the data, what to do with the customers, how to advertise, whatever. So we are not competing on a broad base because we are only using the data and the platform of our partners within our portfolio. But we have this strong portfolio, so that’s the asset. And we have the whole customer base which to rebuild is not easy.Interviewer: Did you think about, maybe you’ve heard of them, of this IBeacon technology. How would PAYBACK use such kinds of technology? Would it be more of make it or buy it decision?Bernhard: The more technology possibilities are improving, the more you can bring in new ideas in your thinking, in your platform, in your company, in your strategy, whatever you call, then you we the chance before us. So if you look at the evolution of our scheme, we haven’t had the code until now how to bring in all the local customers and local partners, and I think that’s very important. If you look at the mobile devices â€" that’s maybe one of y our next questions â€" what’s next, so I think still we have to count on our strength, which is our big partner portfolio, but we have to enhance it with all the online official partnerships, and we think we have a real value proposition for digital partners or digital companies.And it’s about having local partners and serving our customers on a digital basis, but bringing in all the local shops as, let’s say, kind of coupon tried to do it or to bring in the market. But I think from our perspective we can create a whole ecosystem and this is then important, and by doing this for sure the local and then the Beacon technology for the big sponsors and for the local partnerships are very interesting. And the only thing you have really to consider if you have 20 shops in a mall, for example, and if you have the technology everywhere, and if everybody is sending out messages on a minute basis to the customers who are walking down the mall with their iPhones or whatever phones, it’ s spam, and the customer will it off. So you really have to make sure that you are very careful how many messages on which base you’re giving to the customers. And by saying this, yes that is one of our foxus we’re thinking about how to enhance our ecosystem with the local sponsors, with Beacon technology, with the push technologies, and in the middle of all is for us the mobile phone. So if you talk about digital, you talk about mobile in the future.The second question, make or buy, I don’t care. So make or buy is not the question, the question is who has which rights and who is the master of the data and who has the rights to the customer communication and the customer connectivity. And the only thing where we are crystal clear, we in our heart â€" if I say we it’s all the time our multi-partner portfolio and we as a fulfiller and as the manager of the program, so we don’t see ourselves independent, we are a big community with our partners â€" and if I say this we have t o have all the data rights, we have to control the data, we have to control what’s happening with our customers, who is communicating with our customers, so if there is a good technology out there to buy we will buy it. Why invent something which is better outside? If not we will do it by ourselves. We are investing internationally this year over 80 million Euros in IT and technologies, so we have both possibilities.Interviewer: Bernie, in terms of market development, what trends do you see currently in the multi-channel marketing sphere?Bernhard: Basically what we just discussed, and it’s not a trend, it’s a fact everything will be on the mobile devices, and how they will look like in two or three I don’t have a clue, you have to ask Apple or whoever. But to have the mobility via bigger, smaller, whichever devices, this is the future. So we don’t think about having a card or not the card or stuff like this, this is not interesting for us. Interesting is, again, what the c ustomer is using and that we fulfill the needs of the customers by whatsoever device on a simple base. So it has to be simple, it has to be fun, it has to be trustworthy, and it has to be relevant. Those are the four key values of our company, and if you fulfill those four key values you can build on everything what happens next. And you have only to make sure that you have the right resources in your company to look after the next wave, to execute what you are planning, and have the money to build it up. That’s important.So from my perspective the coming together of mobile, of payment, of local business, that’s the way we are thinking about the next steps, and I think not only our company is thinking about this.Interviewer: Bernie, you as an entrepreneur maybe have some kind of insights that you can give advice to other first-time entrepreneurs. What are you top two or three advices to entrepreneurs?Bernhard: First of all, believe in yourself, be persistent, so if something hap pens which you have not planned don’t give up. I think as I mentioned we have a lot of partners but none of them signed the first time. So we went out the door we came back through the back door. And that I think is important. Find the right partner, as I said not only the right partners to give you money, the right partners to have connections, ideas, good strategy, and help you to grow the business, help you to look after what is important, and really to focus on the right thing. And be open to the suggestion or to the advice somebody else is giving to you.I think one of the things which is most underestimated, be really hard on the execution. Just a good idea and just a good setup and whatever, somebody can copy it in three months’ time, six months’ time, twelve months’ time, take whichever number, but if it’s a cool idea there are guys outside who are thinking, Hey, why shouldn’t we copy this. And if they execute better they will make the race. So really look after t he execution and don’t make any compromises on quality. And don’t forget to have a private life.Interviewer: Thank you very much Bernie. Let’s have a look at PAYBACK in some years.Bernhard: Thank you very much. Bye-bye.

The Effects of Media in Nursing Evolution - 1207 Words

Running Head: THE EFFECT OF MEDIA The Effect of Media in the Nursing Evolution The Effect of Media in Nursing Evolution The media has played a huge role in the evolution of nursing. Its influence has been both positive and negative. I have chosen to research this subject because of the negative results and feedback that I will provide throughout this paper. This negative influence is directly affecting the number of people that are deciding to pursue nursing as a career. In a study of students in grades 1 through 10, most of them describe nursing as a technical job with no career advancement. The students stated, â€Å"it was a girls job†, and were unsure of the job security as a result of an†¦show more content†¦Chitty and Black (2007) identify â€Å"The media’s new weapon of electric fabrication (internet) as a powerful medium to hinder the very core of nursing† (p406). The media juggernaut that I have come accustomed to has me basking in the sunlight one moment or crashing on the rocks the next. References American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2004). Fact sheet. Retrieved September 14, 2008 from http://www.aacn.nche.edu/index.htm. Bearns, M., (2000, September 10). Nursing mistakes kill, iInjure thousands cost-cutting exacts toll on patients, hospitals staff series: Dangerous care: nurses hidden role in medical error. First of three parts. [Electronic version]. Chicago Tribune Retrieved on September 14, 2008, from http://www.chicagotribune.com Cassavetes, N. (Director), Sparks, N. (Writer). (2004). The notebook [Motion Picture].United States: New Line Cinema Center for Nursing Advocacy, (2008) Mission statement Retrieved September 15, 2008, from http://nursingadvocacy.org Chitty, K.K, Black, B.P, (2007). Professional nursing: Concepts and challenges (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Saunders Forman, M.(Director), Hauben, L.(Writer), Goldman, B.(Writer). (1976) One flew over the cuckoos nest [Motion Picture]. United States:Show MoreRelatedThe Impact of Innovative Health Technologies in Nursing and Health Care997 Words   |  4 PagesTechnology in Nursing and Health Care: The continuous transformation of the health care field through the introduction of new technology tools has contributed to the need for nurses to stay current with new trends and keep track of what is on the horizon. However, these rapid technological changes and advancements in the health care field have seemingly precluded any probability of anticipating the future. As a result, nurses and other health care professionals can prepare for the future by remainingRead MoreThe Work Of Dock And Wald Raised Public Health1513 Words   |  7 Pagespublic health nursing and the increasing need for additional community nurses. 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The client remained in the supine position, conductive jelly was applied bilaterally to the templesRead MoreResume Practice Nursing : Nurse Anesthetist1748 Words   |  7 PagesRunning Header: ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSING: NURSE ANESTHETIST Advance Practice Nursing: Nurse Anesthetist Kristinn Avancena, Hilary Au, Gina Falisi, Elizabeth Garcia, Eric Henn, Laura McKellar, Heather Scarf, and Elda Suarez Pilloni Stony Brook University School of Nursing â€Æ' Advance Practice Nursing: Nurse Anesthetist Certified registered nurse anesthetists are advanced practice nurses who are certified and specialized in the administration of anesthesia (â€Å"Position description,† 2014). CRNAs

Puritan Ideology - 763 Words

Tiffany American Literature Before 1865 14 February 2012 Puritan Ideology: Irresistible Grace Puritanism was a group of practices and principles that created reforms in doctrine and religion. The basic Puritan beliefs were founded on the TULIP concept. It is an acronym that stands for: Total depravity, Unconditional election, Limited atonement, Irresistible grace, and Perseverance of the saints. There are also other beliefs outside of TULIP, such as typology, manifest destiny, and backsliding. However, a principle that was focused on by John Winthrop and Jonathan Edwards is irresistible grace. It makes the assertion that God’s grace is freely given; it cannot be earned or denied. Grace is recognized as the saving and transfiguring†¦show more content†¦John Winthrop and Jonathon Edwards both present examples of irresistible grace in their sermons. Winthrop does this in â€Å"A Model of Christian Society† by explaining that with God’s grace and one’s own ability to live according to his plan they will be successful. Edwards does this in â€Å"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God† by showing the sinners that it is only God’s irresistible grace that is keeping them from being cast into hell. Although Edwards portrays God as â€Å"angry,† both Winthrop and Edwards believe that He is a just God, they just want their people to live right. Works Cited Baym, Nina. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. 7th ed. New York: Norton, 2007. 605-609.Show MoreRelatedNo More Miss America By Robin Morgan Essay932 Words   |  4 Pagesdeep-rooted conception of a â€Å"traditional woman† in the United States during the Second Wave Feminism (1960s-1990s). 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John Winthrop’s overall goal was to help colonist work together for the greater good of the whole population. John Winthrop’s Sermon Upon reaching the new land, serious issues regarding community formation arose. The Puritans main concern was how they were going to create a community in the wilderness without each member separating off into different directions. A societal shift was necessary to preserve the unity of the colony. Magistrates and ministers had to convinceRead MoreThe Realities Of Puritan Life With M. Night Shyamalan s Theatrical Interpretation1390 Words   |  6 PagesIn order to compare the realities of Puritan life with M. Night Shyamalan’s theatrical interpretation, The Village, it is important to understand who Puritans were and what kinds of beliefs they had. Puritans, different from Pilgrims, attempted to â€Å"purify† the Church of England in the seventeenth century as they felt it had been insufficiently reformed. Their idea of reformation consisted of a Calvinistic approach to society; believing in the absolute sovereignty of God, absolute dependence on divineRead MorePurita n Beliefs Of The Massachusetts Bay Colony1236 Words   |  5 PagesIn Puritan belief, life was planned according to God, and a society worked to live out that plan. The Massachusetts Bay Colony was a closely integrated group that worked together to fulfill the wishes of a larger community. Puritans religious beliefs produced ideas that God’s will was to lead a community based on peace. God had set high expectations for a happy and trustworthy community. However, if a community did not live up to the expectations, God would destroy the community. Therefore, PuritanRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne1721 Words   |  7 Pagesthis, it is no wonder large groups and societies use this thought process on smaller groups or against those who dissent against the dominating beliefs, roles, or ideologies. In the case of the characters in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter and his short story â€Å"The Maypole of Merry Mount, othering is implemented by the Puritan groups against those they view as corrupt or morally wrong. This often leads to isolation, cutting the offending party off from the rest of society in an effort toRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Captivity And Restoration Of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson1603 Words   |  7 PagesThe Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson reveals that the ghastly depiction of the Indian religion (or what Rowlandson perceives as a lack of religion) in the narrative is directly related to the ideologies of her Puritan upbringing. Furthermore, Rowlandsons experiences in captivity and encounter with the new, or Other religion of the Indians cause her rethink, and question her past; her experiences do not however cause her to redirect her life or change her idealsRead MoreEssay on Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter1158 Words   |  5 Pages† (114). Despite this ideology, she does nothing throughout the entire novel to equalize herself. Hester never seizes on the oppor tunity to leave the strict Puritan society that is restricting her freedoms, which is a clear indicator that she can’t act on her innermost beliefs and thoughts. Even worse, Hester becomes reattached to the town of Boston, and is even pardoned and assumes a traditional feminist role of an embroiderer. Hester’s radical thoughts about the Puritans and their view of women

Puritan Ideology - 763 Words

Tiffany American Literature Before 1865 14 February 2012 Puritan Ideology: Irresistible Grace Puritanism was a group of practices and principles that created reforms in doctrine and religion. The basic Puritan beliefs were founded on the TULIP concept. It is an acronym that stands for: Total depravity, Unconditional election, Limited atonement, Irresistible grace, and Perseverance of the saints. There are also other beliefs outside of TULIP, such as typology, manifest destiny, and backsliding. However, a principle that was focused on by John Winthrop and Jonathan Edwards is irresistible grace. It makes the assertion that God’s grace is freely given; it cannot be earned or denied. Grace is recognized as the saving and transfiguring†¦show more content†¦John Winthrop and Jonathon Edwards both present examples of irresistible grace in their sermons. Winthrop does this in â€Å"A Model of Christian Society† by explaining that with God’s grace and one’s own ability to live according to his plan they will be successful. Edwards does this in â€Å"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God† by showing the sinners that it is only God’s irresistible grace that is keeping them from being cast into hell. Although Edwards portrays God as â€Å"angry,† both Winthrop and Edwards believe that He is a just God, they just want their people to live right. Works Cited Baym, Nina. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. 7th ed. New York: Norton, 2007. 605-609.Show MoreRelatedNo More Miss America By Robin Morgan Essay932 Words   |  4 Pagesdeep-rooted conception of a â€Å"traditional woman† in the United States during the Second Wave Feminism (1960s-1990s). The Women Liberation Movement was a demonstration of challenging society’s common sense, or hegemony, which was nurtured by the dominant ideology which in this case was a gender hierarchy where men were believed to be superior to women. The primary source â€Å"No More Miss America† by Robin Morgan describes her experiences as a participant of the NYRF protesting against the Miss American PageantRead MorePuritanism in American Literature Essay1149 Words   |  5 PagesPuritanism in American Literature The Puritans had a large influence in American literature and still influence moral judgment and religious beliefs in the United States to this day. Puritan writing was used to glorify God and to relate God more directly to our world. Puritan literature was commonly a realistic approach to life. â€Å"Puritanism as a historical phenomenon and as a living presence in American life has enriched American literature in ways far too numerous to detail here.† (GRead MoreThe Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson1600 Words   |  7 PagesThe Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson reveals that the ghastly depiction of the Indian religion (or what Rowlandson perceives as a lack of religion) in the narrative is directly related to the ideologies of her Puritan upbringing. Furthermore, Rowlandsons experiences in captivity and encounter with the new, or Other religion of the Indians cause her rethink, and question her past; her experiences do not however cause her to redirect her life or change her idealsRead More Essay on Faith in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown710 Words   |  3 PagesGoodman Brown  Ã‚        Ã‚   For those who have not studied the Puritans or their beliefs, Nathaniel Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown is not much more than a story of lost (or maybe just confused) faith. Hawthone, a man of puritan descent, had some oppositions to the ideals that Puritans followed. Some of these ideals are discussed in his Young Goodman Brown.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The basic impression that most people have of Puritans describes them as dour, irascible, self-righteous, hypocriticalRead MoreWinthrop s First Governor Of The Massachusetts Bay Colony1142 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Massachusetts Bay Colony. John Winthrop’s overall goal was to help colonist work together for the greater good of the whole population. John Winthrop’s Sermon Upon reaching the new land, serious issues regarding community formation arose. The Puritans main concern was how they were going to create a community in the wilderness without each member separating off into different directions. A societal shift was necessary to preserve the unity of the colony. Magistrates and ministers had to convinceRead MoreThe Realities Of Puritan Life With M. Night Shyamalan s Theatrical Interpretation1390 Words   |  6 PagesIn order to compare the realities of Puritan life with M. Night Shyamalan’s theatrical interpretation, The Village, it is important to understand who Puritans were and what kinds of beliefs they had. Puritans, different from Pilgrims, attempted to â€Å"purify† the Church of England in the seventeenth century as they felt it had been insufficiently reformed. Their idea of reformation consisted of a Calvinistic approach to society; believing in the absolute sovereignty of God, absolute dependence on divineRead MorePurita n Beliefs Of The Massachusetts Bay Colony1236 Words   |  5 PagesIn Puritan belief, life was planned according to God, and a society worked to live out that plan. The Massachusetts Bay Colony was a closely integrated group that worked together to fulfill the wishes of a larger community. Puritans religious beliefs produced ideas that God’s will was to lead a community based on peace. God had set high expectations for a happy and trustworthy community. However, if a community did not live up to the expectations, God would destroy the community. Therefore, PuritanRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne1721 Words   |  7 Pagesthis, it is no wonder large groups and societies use this thought process on smaller groups or against those who dissent against the dominating beliefs, roles, or ideologies. In the case of the characters in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter and his short story â€Å"The Maypole of Merry Mount, othering is implemented by the Puritan groups against those they view as corrupt or morally wrong. This often leads to isolation, cutting the offending party off from the rest of society in an effort toRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Captivity And Restoration Of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson1603 Words   |  7 PagesThe Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson reveals that the ghastly depiction of the Indian religion (or what Rowlandson perceives as a lack of religion) in the narrative is directly related to the ideologies of her Puritan upbringing. Furthermore, Rowlandsons experiences in captivity and encounter with the new, or Other religion of the Indians cause her rethink, and question her past; her experiences do not however cause her to redirect her life or change her idealsRead MoreEssay on Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter1158 Words   |  5 Pages† (114). Despite this ideology, she does nothing throughout the entire novel to equalize herself. Hester never seizes on the oppor tunity to leave the strict Puritan society that is restricting her freedoms, which is a clear indicator that she can’t act on her innermost beliefs and thoughts. Even worse, Hester becomes reattached to the town of Boston, and is even pardoned and assumes a traditional feminist role of an embroiderer. Hester’s radical thoughts about the Puritans and their view of women

Puritan Ideology - 763 Words

Tiffany American Literature Before 1865 14 February 2012 Puritan Ideology: Irresistible Grace Puritanism was a group of practices and principles that created reforms in doctrine and religion. The basic Puritan beliefs were founded on the TULIP concept. It is an acronym that stands for: Total depravity, Unconditional election, Limited atonement, Irresistible grace, and Perseverance of the saints. There are also other beliefs outside of TULIP, such as typology, manifest destiny, and backsliding. However, a principle that was focused on by John Winthrop and Jonathan Edwards is irresistible grace. It makes the assertion that God’s grace is freely given; it cannot be earned or denied. Grace is recognized as the saving and transfiguring†¦show more content†¦John Winthrop and Jonathon Edwards both present examples of irresistible grace in their sermons. Winthrop does this in â€Å"A Model of Christian Society† by explaining that with God’s grace and one’s own ability to live according to his plan they will be successful. Edwards does this in â€Å"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God† by showing the sinners that it is only God’s irresistible grace that is keeping them from being cast into hell. Although Edwards portrays God as â€Å"angry,† both Winthrop and Edwards believe that He is a just God, they just want their people to live right. Works Cited Baym, Nina. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. 7th ed. New York: Norton, 2007. 605-609.Show MoreRelatedNo More Miss America By Robin Morgan Essay932 Words   |  4 Pagesdeep-rooted conception of a â€Å"traditional woman† in the United States during the Second Wave Feminism (1960s-1990s). The Women Liberation Movement was a demonstration of challenging society’s common sense, or hegemony, which was nurtured by the dominant ideology which in this case was a gender hierarchy where men were believed to be superior to women. The primary source â€Å"No More Miss America† by Robin Morgan describes her experiences as a participant of the NYRF protesting against the Miss American PageantRead MorePuritanism in American Literature Essay1149 Words   |  5 PagesPuritanism in American Literature The Puritans had a large influence in American literature and still influence moral judgment and religious beliefs in the United States to this day. Puritan writing was used to glorify God and to relate God more directly to our world. Puritan literature was commonly a realistic approach to life. â€Å"Puritanism as a historical phenomenon and as a living presence in American life has enriched American literature in ways far too numerous to detail here.† (GRead MoreThe Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson1600 Words   |  7 PagesThe Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson reveals that the ghastly depiction of the Indian religion (or what Rowlandson perceives as a lack of religion) in the narrative is directly related to the ideologies of her Puritan upbringing. Furthermore, Rowlandsons experiences in captivity and encounter with the new, or Other religion of the Indians cause her rethink, and question her past; her experiences do not however cause her to redirect her life or change her idealsRead More Essay on Faith in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown710 Words   |  3 PagesGoodman Brown  Ã‚        Ã‚   For those who have not studied the Puritans or their beliefs, Nathaniel Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown is not much more than a story of lost (or maybe just confused) faith. Hawthone, a man of puritan descent, had some oppositions to the ideals that Puritans followed. Some of these ideals are discussed in his Young Goodman Brown.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The basic impression that most people have of Puritans describes them as dour, irascible, self-righteous, hypocriticalRead MoreWinthrop s First Governor Of The Massachusetts Bay Colony1142 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Massachusetts Bay Colony. John Winthrop’s overall goal was to help colonist work together for the greater good of the whole population. John Winthrop’s Sermon Upon reaching the new land, serious issues regarding community formation arose. The Puritans main concern was how they were going to create a community in the wilderness without each member separating off into different directions. A societal shift was necessary to preserve the unity of the colony. Magistrates and ministers had to convinceRead MoreThe Realities Of Puritan Life With M. Night Shyamalan s Theatrical Interpretation1390 Words   |  6 PagesIn order to compare the realities of Puritan life with M. Night Shyamalan’s theatrical interpretation, The Village, it is important to understand who Puritans were and what kinds of beliefs they had. Puritans, different from Pilgrims, attempted to â€Å"purify† the Church of England in the seventeenth century as they felt it had been insufficiently reformed. Their idea of reformation consisted of a Calvinistic approach to society; believing in the absolute sovereignty of God, absolute dependence on divineRead MorePurita n Beliefs Of The Massachusetts Bay Colony1236 Words   |  5 PagesIn Puritan belief, life was planned according to God, and a society worked to live out that plan. The Massachusetts Bay Colony was a closely integrated group that worked together to fulfill the wishes of a larger community. Puritans religious beliefs produced ideas that God’s will was to lead a community based on peace. God had set high expectations for a happy and trustworthy community. However, if a community did not live up to the expectations, God would destroy the community. Therefore, PuritanRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne1721 Words   |  7 Pagesthis, it is no wonder large groups and societies use this thought process on smaller groups or against those who dissent against the dominating beliefs, roles, or ideologies. In the case of the characters in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter and his short story â€Å"The Maypole of Merry Mount, othering is implemented by the Puritan groups against those they view as corrupt or morally wrong. This often leads to isolation, cutting the offending party off from the rest of society in an effort toRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Captivity And Restoration Of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson1603 Words   |  7 PagesThe Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson reveals that the ghastly depiction of the Indian religion (or what Rowlandson perceives as a lack of religion) in the narrative is directly related to the ideologies of her Puritan upbringing. Furthermore, Rowlandsons experiences in captivity and encounter with the new, or Other religion of the Indians cause her rethink, and question her past; her experiences do not however cause her to redirect her life or change her idealsRead MoreEssay on Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter1158 Words   |  5 Pages† (114). Despite this ideology, she does nothing throughout the entire novel to equalize herself. Hester never seizes on the oppor tunity to leave the strict Puritan society that is restricting her freedoms, which is a clear indicator that she can’t act on her innermost beliefs and thoughts. Even worse, Hester becomes reattached to the town of Boston, and is even pardoned and assumes a traditional feminist role of an embroiderer. Hester’s radical thoughts about the Puritans and their view of women

Selecting Teaching As A Career Education Essay Free Essays

string(112) " deficit by the twelvemonth 2010, when the bulk of today ‘s veteran instructors will make retirement age\." This paper tries to bring out the long and short term determiners of choosing learning as a calling As an single thought of prosecuting instruction as a new calling pick, it ‘s of import for me to understand why so many have chosen this profession when the entreaty for learning seems to be worsening. To assist me looked at taking learning as a calling I interviewed 30 current instructors and 4 current pupils to acquire their positions of learning as a calling pick. A sum of 34 persons were asked Why did they pick learning as their pick of calling. We will write a custom essay sample on Selecting Teaching As A Career Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The survey concludes that the cardinal determiners of an person ‘s likeliness to learn are their household background, the factors they valued in a occupation and their perceptual experiences of instruction. This paper presents the study findings on pupil instructors ‘ scope of grounds for taking instruction as a calling and discusses those differences between cohorts of different programmes.The overall intent of this survey is to bring out the long and short term factors that motivate people to travel into learning and more specifically simple school instruction as a calling. As we all know instruction as a womb-to-tomb procedure that must hold a nisus force behind it. Teaching is a manner of determining the immature heads of today for tomorrow. It ‘s a ambitious undertaking but there are some who chose to do that challenge a calling. Obvious grounds why many make this calling chose includes: summers off, national vacations off, and 2 hebdomads off during Christmas and New Year season. Those inducements of holding yearss away seems honoring but could you be happy as instructor – because you would carry through nil. Some consequences of surveies agree that the motives for prosecuting a calling in learning scope from selfless to extrinsic ( Kreci A ; Grmek, 2005 ; Stuart, 2000 ; Yong, 1995 ) . Furthermore, those who are committed to learning are more likely to be motivated by intrinsic wagess. On the contrary, those who have ne’er earnestly considered instruction are more likely to be motivated by extrinsic wagess. The overall intent of the survey is to bring out the long and short term determiners or factors that motivate people to travel into learning and more specifically simple school instruction as a calling. Negative perceptual experiences of material benefits such as instructors ‘ wage and professional position are non likely to set off those who are committed to learning, but they are possible hindrances to those who have no disposition to learn ( See, 2004 ) . What motivates single to travel into instruction is really important. Motivation is a critical force that drives one ‘s behavior toward originating and transporting out the undertakings ( Recto, 2005 ) that go with the teacher instruction plan. Thus, understanding the grounds why people enter the instruction profession and what makes them remain or go forth is indispensable, peculiarly, if success in keeping a stable instruction force ( Soh, 1998 ) that contributes to teacher instruction quality and excellence is most coveted. Such understanding can expectedly bring forth valuable penetrations into contextual, behavioural, and structural dimensions of learning. The contextual dimension refers to the instructor instru ction environment and surroundings. The behavioural dimension consists of the motives and attitudinal temperaments of pupils and other stakeholders in respects to teacher instruction. The structural dimension refers to policy mechanism and options, both at the macro and micro degrees, which govern the overall operation of instructor instruction establishments in the state. A questionnaire based upon grounds collected via preliminary focal point group and e-mail interviews from tonss of co-workers in Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc. Founded by seven school instructors in 1922 and today with over 80,000 members worldwide approximently 78 % of the rank are in learning. My paper will besides place the cardinal societal and economic determiners of whether to be a instructor or non. So I poised the inquiry am in instruction because, ‘ I know merely what i want to state ‘ , Is have n’t considered learning like this before. where do i get down? most of all the hereafter ( intending the kid of today because I was one in that clip ) motivates me to learn and the chances and restraints under which I learn or learned and other learn. there is more but because Is have to lesson program for tomorrow categories. thanks i will acquire to you for moreDo the childs and yourself a favour and acquire a different jobWhen I was immature, I ever knew that I wanted to go a teacher someday. When I played, I would frequently garner my dolls together and feign to learn them how to make math jobs or how to read a book. As I grew older, my desire to go an ESL instructor became clearer as I did some voluntary learning abroad and in the United States. As I look back on my grounds for going a instructor, there are three grounds that stand out. They are: my love for the English linguistic communication, my unconditioned involvement in how people learn, and my desire to assist other people. Burnout is experienced by 1000s of instructors across America each twelvemonth. It is characterized by a loss of energy, enthusiasm for the occupation and a feeling of weakness to alter the state of affairs. It causes high turnover rates and may present a menace to the educational system. Estimates indicate that up to 50 per centum of all new instructors leave the instruction profession within 5 old ages. For some this is simply a personal penchant, but for many it is straight related to teacher burnout. Young instructors enter the educational field with a desire to do a difference in the lives of kids, but shortly discover the tremendous load of run intoing province and federal authorizations is about impossible to accomplish with the limited resources available to the instructor and pupils. Effectss American schools are expected to see a terrible instructor deficit by the twelvemonth 2010, when the bulk of today ‘s veteran instructors will make retirement age. You read "Selecting Teaching As A Career Education Essay" in category "Essay examples" These instructors have stuck to the their committedness to learning despite the of all time increasing demands and outlooks of instructors. Without younger instructors who are willing and able to battle instructor burnout the state will confront a disruptive period of instructor turnover and kids will endure from the combination of inexperient instructors and instructors who are actively seeking a alteration in calling as a consequence of the rapid burnout rate. Types Teacher burnout consequences from a broad assortment of grounds. The work of a instructor seldom stops at the terminal of the twenty-four hours. The outlook to take place work and to pass eventides and weekends rectifying and measuring pupil work, fixing lessons, and gathering resources for the schoolroom takes its toll. The deficiency of resources and fiscal support provided to schools frequently consequences in a deficiency of schoolroom stuff, unequal text editions and by and large inferior working conditions. State and federal authorizations for pupil accomplishment and strict province proving require an progressively broad comprehensiveness and deepness of cognition across capable countries. Administrators, frequently sing burnout themselves, struggle to run into the altering demands of instructors and are limited by resources and fundss. Misconceptions The general public frequently is non cognizant of the tremendous force per unit area a instructor experiences and is speedy to knock occupation public presentation based of a impression of what it thinks instructors should make. There is a perceptual experience that instructors enjoy an easy life with multiple holidaies and a short work twenty-four hours. In many countries, instructors are perceived as over paid. A deficiency of regard permeates the community as it fails to react to the demand of instructors. Many mistakenly assume that instructor burnout is caused by a deficiency of subject in the schoolroom and fail to acknowledge that the bulk of instructors who suffer from burnout would name pupils as the last point on a list of lending factors. Prevention/Solution Attempts towards bar of instructor burnout need to concentrate on supplying the fiscal resources to schools and supply equal support for new instructors. Supplying aid in big schoolrooms and entree to a broad scope of intercession techniques, and the resources to implement them, will make shared duty for pupil accomplishment and relieve the force per unit area and isolation instructors experience. Increased public consciousness of the troubles instructors face, solid parental engagement plans, and a lessening in immaterial responsibilities like coach and recess responsibilities will liberate instructors to concentrate their clip and energy on their primary end: instruction. Supplying clip for teacher coaction and planning within the construction of the school twenty-four hours will let instructors to work together to be after and implement the best possible plan for kids. Determinants of learning as a calling Beng Huat See1 University of York, electronic mail: Sg25 @ york.ac.uk Paper presented at the British Educational Research Association Annual Conference, University of Manchester, 16-18 September 2004 Abstraction This paper tries to bring out the long and short term determiners of choosing learning as a calling. A questionnaire based upon grounds collected via preliminary focal point group and e-mail interviews was employed to place the cardinal societal and economic determiners of the person ‘s pick whether to be a instructor or non. A sum of 1,845 pupils and trainees from four third establishments in South-west England and Wales were involved. The survey differs from much research in this country by including an expressed comparing between pupils meaning to be instructors and those meaning to prosecute other callings. Logistic arrested development analysis was used to analyze the information collected. The survey concludes that the cardinal determiners of an person ‘s likeliness to learn are their household background, the factors they valued in a occupation and their perceptual experiences of learning. Financial inducements, although effectual in acquiring those already interes ted in learning to take up preparation, are limited in their impact. Those who are committed to learning are more likely to be motivated by intrinsic wagess. Those who have ne’er earnestly considered instruction, on the other manus, are more likely to be motivated by extrinsic wagess, and to describe a negative experience of school. Negative perceptual experience of instructors ‘ wage and their occupation position are non likely to set off those who are committed to learning but is a possible hindrance to those who have no disposition to learn. Fiscal inducements to develop hold small influence on those already committed to other callings. In the long tally policies could see the personal features of persons. For illustration, promotion runs to enroll new instructors could foreground the extrinsic values of learning. Presently they constantly highlight merely the intrinsic entreaty of the occupation. To be maximally effectual such runs should besides foreground those factors which people really consider of import in their calling pick. This survey reminds us that simply presenting fiscal inducements to enroll instructors is non plenty. Individual determinations to learn depend, to a big extent, on the values attached to a occupation and perceptual experiences of instruction. Introduction The purpose of this paper is to place of import determiners of going a instructor. It examines the influence of demographic background, the values people attached to a occupation and their perceptual experiences of learning on their calling pick. Of involvement is the impact of fiscal inducements for initial instructor preparation enlisting on people ‘s pick of learning as a calling. The survey involved undergraduates, both teacher trainees and others, and graduate students, both teacher trainees and those on other professional preparation paths, in South-west England and Wales. Many current policies to increase teacher supply have assumed that teacher Numberss can be increased by pecuniary inducements, such as better wage and other fiscal inducements to recruitment. While these may be effectual in the short term, there is grounds that every bit many as 40 % who enter developing do non go on to learning anyhow ( STRB, 1999 ) . Furthermore, these steps are mostly based on a ‘universal ‘ human capital theory of motive, which does non adequately explicate the under-representation of work forces and people from certain societal category and cultural groups in learning. Evidence from old surveies suggests that peoples ‘ pick of calling is, to a big extent, influenced by their socio-economic and cultural background and by a comparatively lasting position of what is ‘appropriate ‘ for them ( Gorard and Rees, 2002 ) . These societal determiners differ from economic and practical factors in being longer term and, hence, less conformable to a short-run proficient hole. They have so far non been explored in old surveies on instructor deficits. For these grounds, this survey examines the influence of social-economic background, as determined by parents ‘ businesss and educational makings, sex, ethnicity and type of school attended, each of which might be regarded as formative of their values and norms. Geographical mobility and whether persons had close household members and friends who are/were instructors were besides considered, as was the extent to which current fiscal incentives in instructor preparation had an impact on instructor trainees ‘ determination to travel into instruction. Besides these societal determiners, an person ‘s determination to travel into learning or non is besides believed to be influenced by what they value in a occupation and their perceptual experiences of instruction ( Kyriacou et al. , 2002 ) . If we are able to place those factors which persons consider of import in their pick of calling, and highlight the factors in learning which lucifer these, so we might trust to carry better qualified pupils to see learning. As Johnson and Birkeland ( 2003 ) noted, it is indispensable to understand people ‘s concerns and responses, otherwise policymakers and practicians will go on to present what they believe to be promising enlisting and keeping schemes with no existent consequence. To pull and retain new instructors, a comprehensive scheme that addresses the full scope of new instructors ‘ concerns is required. In this manner, under-represented groups such as work forces, cultural minority groups and those in shortage topics can be efficaciously targeted. This involves a consideration of the calling picks made by prospective and possible instructors, every bit good as by those who have rejected the possibility of learning. The positions of the latter are cardinal in moving as a restorative to the bulk of relevant research in this country based merely on consideration of instructors and possible instructors – for illustration, Reid and Caudwell ( 1997 ) , Bloomfield and Selinger ( 1994 ) , Fraser et Al. ( 1998 ) , Smithers ( 1990 ) , Lock ( 1993 ) , Newson ( 1993 ) and Heafford and Jennison ( 1998 ) . More recent surveies on instructor supply by Robinson and Smithers ( 1998 ) and Howson ( 1999 ) were concerned with pupil instructors ‘ grounds for non taking up learning stations. These surveies focused on the motives of those who had antecedently made the determination to go school instructors. Few surveies have investigated persons ‘ grounds for non taking learning as a calling in the first topographic point. Even fewer surveies looked into barriers to come ining instruction ( e.g. Wellington, 1982 ; Smithers and Hill, 1989 ; Finch, 1986 ) . The positions of undergraduates who have yet to take up teacher preparation and who might be attracted by the inducements are normally non sought in UK educational research. This could easy give a really deceptive feeling about why persons do non go instructors. In general, the bulk of the educational engagement literature is based, for really matter-of-fact grounds, on surveies of bing participants, frequently in the same establishment as the research worker. This can give deceptive consequences about the causes of non-participation ( Gorard and Rees 2002 ) . Non-participants in any educational enterprise are, ironically, besides routinely excluded from research about their non-participation. Method The survey involved 1,845 undergraduate and graduate student pupils in four establishments in South Wales and South West England. Four chief topic groups ( humanistic disciplines and humanistic disciplines, societal scientific disciplines, maths and scientific discipline and vocational ) were identified to stand for the wide scope of undergraduates. Vocational classs included jurisprudence, accounting, concern surveies and athleticss and leisure direction. The overall response rate is 82 % 2. The sample was selected after a re-analysis of all available and historical statistics associating to teacher supply and keeping in England and Wales, and of the one-year UCAS nose count informations ( farther inside informations in See et al. 2004 ) . A self-administered questionnaire study was used to place the of import factors act uponing people ‘s determinations to travel into learning. The instrument was designed and piloted following a series of preliminary interviews ( e-mail and concentrate group ) with possible and trainee instructors. It gathered pupils ‘ retrospective life histories, and their reported calling determinations, programs and motives, puting the latter within the context of their longer-term educational and career flight. Logistic arrested development analysis with forward stepwise entry of forecaster variables was used to predict/explain the person ‘s purpose to be a instructor or non ( dichotomous ) utilizing all background variables, factors act uponing their calling pick and their perceptual experiences to learning as likely forecasters. The theoretical account is ‘hierarchical ‘ , come ining explanatory variables into the theoretical account in life order from birth ( e.g. household background ) through initial instruction ( e.g. where lived at age 16 ) to the present ( e.g. capable studied at university ) . In this manner, each measure can merely work with the discrepancy left unexplained from old stairss. The concluding measure adds variables for consciousness of fiscal inducements and other recent policies to promote teacher enlisting. Cross-tabulation processs were besides used to show the relationship between these forecaster variables and persons ‘ calling determination. Because of the big sample size ( Pallant, 2001 ) and because the population was non a random sample, a trial of significance would non be relevant here ( Gorard, 2003 ) . Therefore, the ‘effect ‘ size was used to standardize differences between groups ( Coe, 2002 ) . Findingss This subdivision is divided into three parts. The first portion examines the influence of demographic features on an person ‘s determination to learn. The 2nd portion looks at the influence of calling pick factors, such as the values people attached to a occupation and their perceptual experiences of learning. The 3rd portion analyses the influence of ITT ( initial teacher developing ) enlisting fiscal inducements on calling pick. The respondents were classified into three groups based on their responses to the inquiry on their calling determination: Those who have considered instruction and wanted to be instructors besides known as confirmed instructors ( 30 % , N= 550 ) Those who have earnestly considered but decided non to learn, or fringy instructors ( 34 % , N= 621 ) Those who have ne’er realistically considered instruction and would non desire to learn, or non-teachers ( 37 % , N= 674 ) Background features and determination to travel into learning The three groups mean that the arrested development analysis is polynomial. For simpleness of presentation, I consider here merely some of the possible comparings, concentrating on the differences between confirmed instructors and others. The analysis was robust in uncovering that the background features that explain most of the differences between groups were an person ‘s sex, ethnicity, academic accomplishments and parental background ( Table 1 ) . The coefficients in the tabular array give an indicant of how likely person is to be a instructor or non-teacher. For illustration, a male is, ceteris paribus, merely 10 % every bit likely as a female to be a confirmed instructor instead than a non-teacher, and those who described themselves as White are about twice ( 1.8 times ) every bit likely as colored to be instructors than non-teachers. Table 1 – Background features differences between instructors and others Background features Coefficients Sexual activity i‚ · Male i‚ · Female A 0.1 – Ethnicity i‚ · White i‚ · Colored A 1.8 – Mothers ‘ makings i‚ · No making i‚ · O-level i‚ · A-level i‚ · Degree and higher, i‚ · Do n’t cognize amp ; no response A 1.4 1.2 0.8 0.8 – Entry making i‚ · A-level i‚ · A-level and vocational i‚ · Access i‚ · Unclassifiable A 1.6 0.8 0.9 – Degree consequence i‚ · 2:1 and above i‚ · 2:2 and below i‚ · Do n’t cognize and no response A 2.0 3.9 – Those whose female parents have an A-level and tantamount or higher making are less likely ( 0.8 ) to go instructors than those whose female parent ‘s makings are unknown. In general, those with less educated parents are more likely to take learning as a calling. Those with or anticipating a grade graded at 2:2 or below are more likely to go instructors than those with a 2:1 or above, and those for whom no grade consequence is known. While a grade is now about a demand for instructor position, it is by and large the least qualified of those eligible who are most likely to be instructors. Analysis by demographic features shows that pupils ‘ determination to learn or non was besides found to be related to their topic of survey at university. For illustration, societal scientific discipline pupils were two and a half times more likely than those making scientific discipline and maths to take learning as a calling. Vocational pupils in classs other than instruction were, unsurprisingly, the least likely to hold considered instruction. This determination is consistent with that of the Institute for Employment Studies, which found that those in fiscal topics, economic sciences, scientific discipline or jurisprudence had a lower leaning to come in learning ( House of Commons, 1997, Appendix 5 ) . Career pick factors and the determination to travel into learning Careers pick factors refer to those features people look for in a occupation, and their perceptual experiences of learning as a calling. These are withheld from the theoretical account above because they are a current snapshot instead than a dependable retrospective history, and because the causal theoretical account associating pick factors and revealed pick is ill-defined. The logistic arrested development analysis shows that we can predict/explain with 90 % truth who are likely to be instructors instead than non-teachers than a non-teacher once these factors are included in the theoretical account. Table 2 shows the calling pick factors that explained differences between groups. The factors are listed in falling order get downing from the one which explains the most difference between confirmed instructors and non-teachers. These factors are the opportunity to portion cognition, occupation satisfaction, length of vacations and the opportunity to go on in the topic of involvement. The coefficient for ‘chance to portion cognition ‘ agencies that those who indicate that the opportunity to portion cognition as rather of import are 3.4 times more likely to be instructors than those who did non believe it is of import. Similarly those who indicate opportunity of portion cognition as really of import are 3.42 ( 11.6 times ) more likely to be instructors than those who think it is non. Table 2 – Choice factor differences between instructors and others Factors act uponing calling pick coefficients Opportunity to portion cognition 3.4 Job satisfaction 3.1 Length of vacations 2.3 Opportunity to go on involvement in ain topic 2.3 Job security 1.8 Salary 0.6 Working conditions 0.5 Status of occupation 0.5 Promotion chances 0.5 Intellectual stimulation. 0.4 Note: these pick factors were rated in importance on graduated table from 1 to 3 ( most of import ) Table 2 shows that confirmed instructors differed from non-teachers in the values they attached to a occupation. While confirmed instructors were more likely to describe being motivated by intrinsic factors, such as occupation satisfaction, the desire to portion cognition and to go on involvement in their capable, non-teachers were more likely to value extrinsic factors like salary, publicity chances, occupation position, good working conditions and rational stimulation. Other factors actuating confirmed instructors included occupation security and the length of vacations. These differences suggest that fiscal inducements, if decently applied, might hold persuaded non-teachers to see learning as a calling. Of class, there is besides a danger for those already on vocational classs of rationalizing their pick station hoc. Analysis by capable groups indicates that societal scientific discipline pupils and instructor trainees were more likely to see intrinsic factors as really of import compared to maths and scientific discipline and ‘other ‘ vocational pupils. Females were besides more likely than males to see these factors as really of import. There was no difference between white and colored. Mathematicss and scientific discipline and vocational pupils, on the other manus, were more likely than teacher trainees and societal scientific discipline pupils to see extrinsic motives, such as occupation position and public perceptual experience of occupation and salary as really of import. This, possibly, explains why pupils from some topic groups were less likely to desire to learn. This is consistent with Smithers and Hill ‘s ( 1989 ) survey which found that mathematics and scientific discipline pupils were less likely to see such intrinsic motive as of import in their calling determinat ion. They were besides more likely to comprehend instruction as offering intrinsic wagess and person-oriented satisfaction than extrinsic wages. Assorted scientific discipline and humanistic disciplines pupils, on the other manus, were more likely to be people-oriented, and therefore more likely to be attracted to learning. The three of import perceptual experiences of learning that explained most of the differences between instructors and non-teachers were occupation satisfaction, instructors ‘ work load and calling chances ( Table 3 ) . Those who perceived learning as honoring were 4.5 times every bit likely as those who did non cognize or did non reply, and 4.52 ( 20 times ) every bit likely as those who disagree to be confirmed instructors. Therefore, we might reason that learning appealed to corroborate instructors because they believed that learning could offer them the values they looked for in a occupation. For illustration, confirmed instructors were more likely to comprehend instruction as a honoring calling than their non-teacher opposite numbers. They tended to hold a more positive perceptual experience of learning. They were more likely to comprehend instruction as offering occupation security, good calling chances and publicity chances. They were besides more likely to hold that lear ning offers the rational stimulation they looked for in a occupation. There is a danger of an component of tautology crawling into the theoretical account here. However, the same form besides appears when the theoretical account is run with merely that sub-sample who have yet to do a pick. Table 3 – Percepts of learning which explain differences in calling pick Factors act uponing calling pick Coefficients Teaching is honoring 4.5 Teachers ‘ work load is heavy 3.5 Teaching has good calling chances 2.4 Teaching offers greater occupation security 1.6 Teaching allows usage of academic cognition 1.5 Teachers are underpaid 1.5 Better chances for publicity in learning today 1.5 Teaching is lifestyle pick 1.4 Teaching is no longer a 9-5 occupation 1.3 Teachers ‘ wages are comparable 0.8 Teaching is high position profession 0.6 Teaching does non offer adequate rational stimulation 0.6 Own experience in school gives negative perceptual experience 0.4 Note: these pick factors were rated in degree of understanding on a graduated table from 1 to 3 ( agree ) Teacher trainees and societal scientific discipline pupils were the most likely to hold a positive perceptual experience of instruction, while maths and scientific discipline and ‘other ‘ vocational pupils were the least likely. For illustration, maths and scientific discipline and vocational pupils were more likely than teacher trainees to comprehend instruction as lacking in calling chances and publicity chances, and a dead-end occupation. Mathematicss and scientific discipline pupils were besides more likely than teacher trainees to describe that learning did non offer adequate rational stimulation and stimulation to aspiration. In general, confirmed instructors tended to hold a positive experience of school. Those who had a negative perceptual experience of school as a consequence of their ain experience were less likely to be instructors. Teaching did non appeal to non-teachers because they were less likely to comprehend it as offering them the things they looked for in a occupation. Negative perceptual experiences, nevertheless, did non set off those who were interested in learning. Confirmed instructors were, in fact, more likely than others to hold that instructors ‘ work load was heavy and that instructors were underpaid. However, if negative perceptual experiences of learning involved affairs that were of import to persons ‘ calling determinations, these could be a barrier. For illustration, non-teachers were more likely to rate calling chances and publicity chances as really of import in their calling pick, but were less likely to believe that learning can offer these. A bulk of pupils agreed that instructors ‘ were underpaid and merely 35 % saw instruction as a high position occupation, but non-teachers were more likely to rate these factors as really of import in the calling pick. This suggests that negative perceptual experience of instructors ‘ wage and their occupation position might non set off those who were committed to learn ing but might be a hindrance to those who did non wish to learn. Fiscal inducements and the determination to learn Students were asked about their consciousness of, and the importance of, fiscal inducements for learning when make up one’s minding upon a calling. When their responses were entered into the logistic theoretical account, the truth of foretelling who were likely to be instructors and non-teachers increased from 90 % to 94 % , while that for confirmed and fringy instructors increased from 80 % to 81 % . This shows that fiscal inducements did non dramatically change single calling programs, although they did do it easier for those who wanted to learn to travel into learning. As determiners of calling pick fiscal inducements were non every bit of import as the values people attached to a occupation and their perceptual experiences of learning. They did non look to hold much influence in carrying non-teachers into learning. These are people who have already made up their heads about their calling waies and would non be likely to be persuaded otherwise. Those who reported that they were most likely to be persuaded by these inducements were fringy instructors ( Table 4 ) . Table 4 – Reported influence of fiscal inducements A Career determinations A Confirmed instructor ( n= 550 ) % Marginal instructor ( n=621 ) % Non-teacher ( n=674 ) % Offer of preparation wages 78 78 36 Promise of deficit capable bursaries 40 54 24 Exemption of fees 75 76 36 ‘Golden handlock ‘ trade 32 60 33 The two inducements that were probably to act upon people ‘s calling pick were the offer of preparation wages and the freedom from fees ( Table 4 ) . Deficit capable bursaries appeared to be the least effectual ( because they apply merely to a subset of instances ) . Deficit capable bursaries and freedom of fees besides did non look to be effectual in carrying maths and scientific discipline pupils. Mathematicss and scientific discipline pupils were the most likely to be influenced by the ‘golden handlock ‘ trade compared to pupils in other capable groups, and least likely to be influenced by the offer of preparation grants. Male and female pupils did non look to demo any difference in their responses to these fiscal inducements. Exemption of fees appeared to be the most effectual in act uponing the calling determinations of colored pupils. These findings have ( sometimes negative ) deductions for policies to increase ITT enlisting of cultural minorities and those in shortage topics. Training grants and deficit capable bursaries were the two inducements most widely known among pupils and proved to be most influential in acquiring those who were interested in learning take up teacher preparation. It was effectual in pulling those who were already interested in learning, but non those analyzing shortage topics at university. Training wages made it easier for some to give up their occupation, but surely did non move as a ‘carrot ‘ to those who had non considered learning. Many had applied for class entry before the strategies were announced, while others would hold gone into developing anyhow, though much later, after they have saved up plenty. This point was clearly illustrated by PGCE pupils in the focal point group interviews. English PGCE pupils: Anna: A I umm.. I mean the thing is because I applied truly early on the class truly truly truly on and I knew that I wanted to make it, and I ‘d already taken a twelvemonth to work to seek to salvage some money up and so really it ‘s a surprise when the preparation wages were announced. Michelle: A Like me I applied before the wage was introduced. I am like Anna, I applied to make the class and, and was accepted on the class before the preparation wage was announced so it was a nice surprise – and precisely the same I did n’t wholly expect how much it likely would be to make it, and I ‘m populating at place. I mean I ‘m really non even paying rent but I ‘m driving a auto everyday and you know, so the small disbursal I did n’t even expect before. Nina: A I think because I sort of applied late on and I had n’t truly thought about developing wage did n’t truly you know have n’t been maintaining up with that so I was n’t certain, but I guess I merely knew that because it ‘s what I truly wanted to make that I would hold the support of my parents I guess so I knew that I ‘d be able to fight through this with my parents. Just being in that lucky state of affairs and you knowaˆÂ ¦ Hannah: I had the promise of that support from my Dendranthema grandifloruom and pa every bit good which, which because I did n’t cognize when I was traveling to acquire this preparation wage because I live in the Isle of Man and they have different regulations and everything, but I was merely so alleviated when I didaˆÂ ¦ Jemma: A I would hold merely done it a batch subsequently. I would hold done it like 10 old ages down the line if they have n’t offered the wage. Nicola: A I would hold done it subsequently every bit good ( Jemma, and Edward would hold done it subsequently every bit good ) A PGCE history pupils A A Dent: I suppose the inquiry to inquire about our motive is which of us was motivated by the 6,000 grant. I personally was n’t. Antony: I was n’t because I applied before. Dent: In retrospect, the same I did n’t gain when I applied because I want to learn, but now cognizing how much it costaˆÂ ¦ . Tom: Lapp here Andy: I applied before. It did n’t pull me, I merely come in beforeaˆÂ ¦ Queen city: I likely would possibly hold waited for two or three old ages until my kids are older and I would n’t necessitate to pay child care. A PGCE maths pupils besides applied before the policy came into topographic point and for some it did do it easier for them take up preparation. A Marnie: I applied before. Toby: So do I. ( There was general understanding – pupils nodding their caputs ) Fran: I was traveling to use about 3 or 4 old ages ago. I really got the application signifier, decided where I was traveling to use to and I was gaining about 14,000 lbs at that clip, non a immense sum of money but so the grant that I would hold got for making the PGCE was 1,000 lbs and I thought that was stupid I ‘m traveling to run into so much debt, what ‘s the point, you know, I ‘ll set it off and I ‘ll seek something else, so I tried another twosome of occupations umm, and so when I decided that I was traveling to reapply decidedly at the clip they said you ‘d acquire two and a half thousand lbs and so when they say you ‘ll acquire 6 thousand lbs it all coincided with me using, I said great truly good, truly good. Interviewer: So you ‘ve already made the determination even before these policies came into being, but that policy did assist you. Fran and Catherine: Oh yeah. Lack of promotion sing these inducements seemed to be an issue. Some remarks made by pupils in their questionnaire returns with respects to these inducements included: Throughout my degree class, no one really came to carry us to travel into instruction. 3rd twelvemonth Law pupil I am interested in learning but non certain how to acquire into it, whether my jurisprudence grade is adequate, and what sort of makings I would necessitate. ‘ 3rd twelvemonth Law pupil There should be more promotion if the inducements were to be effectual. Many of us have non heard of these inducements at all. We are non cognizant of their being. 2nd twelvemonth Language A ; Communication pupil I have considered instruction in the secondary sector but still undecided whether to travel into learning or non. The ground for my indecisiveness is the deficiency of information available. I do n’t hold any hint of what to make. 2nd twelvemonth Accountancy pupil Had no information about instruction, instead acquire a occupation. Have non been given any information sing being instructor. Decision This survey reminds us that simply presenting fiscal inducements to enroll instructors is non plenty. Individual determinations to learn depend, to a big extent, on the values attached to a occupation and perceptual experiences of learning. My findings reveal that there are cardinal differences between non-teachers and confirmed instructors as to what they look for in a occupation and in their perceptual experiences of learning. This survey and that of Smithers and Hill ( 1989 ) revealed that those who had non considered learning were more likely to comprehend it as offering intrinsic wagess and person-oriented satisfaction but were more likely to be motivated by extrinsic wagess. On the other manus, those who go into learning were non likely to remain on unless their experiences with pupils and the school, in general, are honoring. Clear lessons emerge, non merely for policymakers, but besides principals and school decision makers. Teaching must be seen as an attractive and financia lly rewarding calling. At present, policy is excessively much focused on instructor preparation and the inducements and barriers to that, and the move from developing to post. If these consequences are to be believed, so work to heighten the position and professional prestigiousness of instructors in ulterior calling will be merely as of import, long-run, in pulling high-quality pupils to the profession. How to cite Selecting Teaching As A Career Education Essay, Essay examples

Mnc in India free essay sample

To help in rapid growth and industrialization and create necessary infrastructure for economic development. 2. Promote redistribution of income wealth 3. Create employment opportunities 4. Promote regional balance development 5. Promote import substitution save and earn foreign exchange for country. 6. Basic Infrastructure (STC, Railways, SAIL) Organization of Public Sector †¢Ministry ( Railway, Finance etc) †¢Departmental Undertaking (Defense, Post Telegraph, Defense production unit) †¢Statutory Corporation( LIC, AIR India, IFC,RBI,ONGC, etc.. †¢Central Board (Bhakra Nangal, Hira Kund ,Nagarjun Sagar dam) †¢Government Companies ( Ashok Hotels, ITI, HMT Hindustan shipyard etc) Pricing Practice ?Administrative Price : Price fixed by Government ?No profit –No loss Price ( DVC, Hindustan antibiotics, Hindustan Insecticides) ? Cost Plus Price – ITI, HAL, Bharat electronic ? Competitive Price ?Follow the leader ?Subsidized Prices ?Discriminatory Pr ices Private Sector ? Privatization: Transfer of ownership and control of an existing public sector enterprise ? Privatization may be full or partial. It may be selective i. e.. Some function are transformed to the private sector, which other are retained in public sector. We will write a custom essay sample on Mnc in India or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ?Increase in competition . The Privatization movement The move towards privatization has gained momentum since 70’s. The following are usually mentioned reasons 1 The emergence of conservative government in principal industrial countries 2 The emergence of multinational entities 3 Technological changes The Privatization movement contd. 4 Emergence of local capital market and entrepreneurship 5 Dissatisfaction with performance of public sector Reason for Indian Privatization 1. Crippling Budget deficit 2. Spectacular growth by economies of Korea, Taiwan, Malaysia in private sector 3. Galloping cost of government intervention in trade and industry procedural difficulty 4. Collapse of USSR communist government in eastern Europe 5. Changes in China 6. Emergence of professional management 7. IMF World Bank extended arm to capitalism 8. Gulf crisis 9. Lack of demand in economy 10. Integration of world trade 11. Developed local capital market and Financing Institution Recent Reasons To Strengthen Competition †¢To improve public finance †¢To fund Infrastructure Growth †¢Accountability of share holders †¢To reduce unnecessary interference †¢More disciplined Labor force The main reason for increased efficiency gain as a result of privatization are attributed to (i)Less political interference in decision making (i)Staff remuneration is more closely linked to productivity and profitability (ii)Firm are expo sed to financial market discipline as opposed to government support (iii)Firm’s cost reducing effort are higher under competitive private ownership Advantages of public sector organizations Govt . Control in sensitive areas ? More employment ? Effective decision making ? Public accountability ? Access to all ? More employee satisfaction-better life work balance ? Recognition and honor ? Job security Disadvantages of public sector organizations ?Inefficiency results due to the size of the organization ?lack of incentive for employees ?Losses must be met by the taxpayer ? Political interference ? Less customer satisfaction ? High cost of delay/red tapism Disadvantages of public sector organizations contd. ?Headless plants ?Lack Demand – supply relation ?Over/Under capacity ?Fear of Scams Advantages of private sector organizations ?Quick decision making ?No political interference ?More customer satisfaction ?Easy access to capital market Disadvantages of private sector organizations ?Chances of mismanagement ?Inefficient decision making ?Less focus on poor people Ways of Privatization ? Disinvestment ? Contracting ? Franchising ? Permitting private sector enter into PSU reserved area ? Liquidation ? Leasing Disinvestment Long Term strategy on disinvestment 1. Strengthen profitable PSU to promote greater competitiveness to enable payment of higher dividends to the government to enhance Value 2. Financial restructure and revive loss making PSU to invite private capital for long term turnaround. 3. Enhance government receipt by disinvestment in profitable PSUs Initially 40 out of the 245 PSUs were referred to the disinvestment committee Conclusion ? Public sector enterprises ? Private sector enterprises ? Privatization ? Need of privatization ? Obstacles of privatization ? Ways of privatization- Disinvestment ? Advantages and disadvantages Thanks to†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Prof. Suneel Gupta Associate Professor, Ghs-IMR, Kanpur Prof. Mansur Ali Khan NSB Prof. Surjyabrat Buragohain NSB Thank you all ?SIVAPRASAD P V ? PREMKUMAR ? VIGNESH ? MANOJ