Catherine II Life and Accomplishments Essay - 1639 Words

Catherine II Catherine II of Russia was one of the most influential rulers in Russian history. Catherine was born a princess in Germany, originally named Sophie Fredericke Auguste von Anhalt-Zerbst, but moved to Russia, changed her name and married the heir to the throne (Massie 96). Prior to Catherine’s reign her husband, Peter III, whom she married at age fifteen was in power. Their marriage was an unhappy one and Peter often was unfaithful to Catherine .Peter also proved very unpopular among the Russian people. He was very immature and made many poor political decisions. Peter soon was overthrown and eventually murdered. Catherine came to rule Russia shortly after the death of her husband Peter III. She was eager to learn the ways of†¦show more content†¦Catherine had an aggressive yet realistic handle on foreign affairs. Her impressive army helped her to defeat other nations and conquer land for Russia, increasing their size. She annexed land through the partition of Poland an d along the Baltic coast. She also allied with Austria and went to war with the Ottomans in 1787, ending in victory for Russia (Catherine II). One of Catherine’s main goals was to secure Russia a warm water port and through this victory she got it on the coast of the Black Sea. This was important because it was Russia’s first warm water port, increasing their ability to trade by providing an outlet to the Mediterranean, giving them access to the rest of Europe. This new area along the Black Sea also provided them with fertile, farmable land which helped to feed Russia’s growing population. In 1795, Russia acquired Lithuania, the Ukraine, and Courland from Poland by sending troops into Poland, forcing them to sign the Treaty of Kuchuk Kainarji which arranged the second partition of Poland, annexing a total of one hundred ninety thousand square miles of land for Russia. Catherine also annexed Crimea and Belarus (Marker). This expanded Russia’s power and inf luence on other countries and also how showed how Catherine helped imperialism within Russia. Another one of Catherine’s accomplishments was her domestic affairs and her focus on internal Russia. Catherine was very proud to think of herself as anShow MoreRelatedCatherine The Great s Reign1309 Words   |  6 PagesCatherine the Great is recognised world-wide as one of the most prominent and successful historical rulers of Russia. Catherine ll, Empress of Russia, is remembered in the majority, as an incredible leader of her time; with full entitlement of the title â€Å"The Great†. The term or title of â€Å"The Great† was given to rulers of the past by themselves or their countrymen, due to significant achievements or victories during their time of reign. The term Great has multiple meanings but in regards to leadershipRead MoreMemoirs of Princess Dashkova1534 Words   |  7 Pagessociety and more importantly, to earn the respect of Catherine the Great. Dashkova is a peculiar female character. She’s fully narcissistic, but at the same time, reject s her recognition and claims herself as unworthy of the credits Catherine II had given her. In her autobiography The Memoirs of Princess Dashkova, Dashkova justifies her role as a noble woman, her early-life contribution in helping Catherine rise to the throne, and the frugal life she bore as a widow and a mother of two. Dashkova voicedRead MoreThe Second Chapter : A Brief Survey Of The Aspects Of Russian Culture1517 Words   |  7 Pagesof the aspects of Russian culture in 1762, the year Catherine rose to power. De Madariaga includes pictures of some members of Catherine’s cabinet to which she was especially close, including Count Chernychev, vice president of the College of War; Catherine’s son A.G. Bobrinskoy; A.V. Khrapovitsky, Catherine’s secretary; and the biggest portrait is of Prince Grigory Potemkin, the president of the College of War, and the person to whom Catherine constantly referred as her favorite (de Madariaga, 17-20)Read MoreGraduation Speech : My Class Our Teacher, Mrs. Joan Henry983 Words   |  4 PagesComp II class our teacher, Mrs. Joan Henry, assigned us a writing assignment. She split us into six different groups and had us each interview the different members of our group. I sput into a group number four which consisted of myself, Reagon, Tessa, and Courtney. We discussed various aspects of our lives, including what were our hobbies, goals, and accomplishments. The first person whom I interviewed was Reagon. Reagon is a 18 year old female. We discussed her hobbies, accomplishments, and herRead MoreQueen Elizabeth: The Virgin Queen922 Words   |  4 PagesBoleyn, was executed by her husband Henry VIII for what historians believe was false charges of adultery and conspiracy when Elizabeth was just two. Elizabeth stayed at Hatfield House and learned many things including Latin and Greek. Her stepmother, Catherine Parr, saw Elizabeth’s potential and had her educated to the highest standards by learning the art of publicly speaking, and being able to address a large number of people. Her sister Mary or as many called her Bloody Mary died in 1558 and soon afterRead MoreItalian Renissance and the Reformation1233 Words   |  5 Pages Could you imagine living in a time where you had to adhere to everything the church said? For the men and women of the fourteenth century, this was their life; marriages were arranged, men worked while the women would stay home and raise the children. You rested your faith solely in the hands of uneducated â€Å"spiritual† leaders. As Italy’s city-states grew through trade and commerce, they flourished economically and intellectually. This led to a peak in the interest of Classical literatureRead MoreComparing Catherine II and Elizabeth I1900 Words   |  8 PagesThe above quote applies very well to both Catherine II and Elizabeth I. Neither lady sought the power of their lands; they were given it in a unusual circumstance. They then display great leadership and do great things for each country. Catherine II, Empress of Russia, was born in Germany in 1729, but with the name of Sophia. She was the daughter of Prince Christian August and Princess Johanna Elizabeth. Since she was a princess, she was home schooled. She became very smart and free spirited. NancyRead MoreThe Lack Of Diversity During The Ballet World Essay1376 Words   |  6 Pagesthe face of change to the stereotypical dance world. Ballet, a classical and stylistic style of dance developed in the 19th Century. Ballet was introduced by Catherine de Medici of Italy upon her marriage to Henry II, the French King. After their marriage these early dance styles were then brought into court life in France by Madam Catherine. The artistic styles of ballet have been modified since the idea of this stylistic dance had emerged in the 1500’s. When ballet first began, the ruling strictlyRead MoreBiography of John Quincy Adams709 Words   |  3 Pagesall been hardworking successful farmers. They were very important people in there town. Also, they had two houses, 9 miles away, one in Braintree and the other in Boston. These are some facts about his college in other words his schooling later in life. John studied law next and was admitted to the bar in 1790, after that he set up a law practice in Boston. John resigned his Senate seat in June of 1808 and returned to Harvard. When John was a young lawyer he was appointed United States minister toRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1839 Words   |  8 Pagesdistance. This great failure is Gatsby’s legacy that makes him The Great Gatsby, but what makes Gatsby, or any man for that matter, â€Å"great†? Alexander The Great, 356 – 323 B.C., is the Macedonian king that forever lives as a hero. Parented by King Philip II and Queen Olympia, Alex led an army at the young age of 18 and conquered the entire region from the Mediterranean to India, leaving him to be one of the greatest military leaders the world has known. Strategy, generations of passed down wisdom, and

Oedipus the King and Things Fall Apart - Tragedies as...

Oedipus and Things Fall Aparttragedies as defined by Aristotle Almost 2500 years ago Aristotle defined a tragic plot as one containing six essential elements. The first is a hero (sympatheia) who is noble by birth or has risen to a place of power. The hero should also be of good character. Aristotle stated in The Poetics, â€Å"This is the sort of man who is not pre-eminently virtuous and just, and yet it is through no badness or villainy of his own that he falls into the fortune, but rather through some flaw in him, he being one of those who are in high station and good fortune.† The second is the flaw (Hamartia) in the hero’s character. The hero falls into misfortune not because of wickedness on his own part, but because he makes a†¦show more content†¦The first requirement that Aristotle set forth was the protagonist should be in a position of power and should also have a good character. In Oedipus, the title character is born the prince of Thebes. He is born into royalty, but is abandoned because his father was afraid that the prophecy of his son killing his father and marrying his mother would come true. The King of Corinth then adopts him. Oedipus flees Corinth because he is afraid of fulfilling the prophecy. Oedipus’ character is established by the fact that as soon as he heard the prophecy he left Corinth without going home. He did not want the prophecy to come true. Oedipus ends up in Thebes where he becomes king not because of the bloodline but because he could defeat the Sphinx that plagued the city. When the play opens there is another plague on Thebes. To remove the plague, Apollo commands them to drive out the pollution from the land (107-108). Oedipus then makes a speech to Thebes for everyone to help rid the city of the pollution. Oedipus tells the city that there is a reward for anyone who provides information about the murder of Laius. To those who would withhold information he places this curse, that â€Å"the murder would live out his life in misery to miserable doom! If w ith my knowledge he lives at my hearth I pray that I myself may feel my curse†(268-271). Oedipus has a very strong character and only wants to do what is best for Thebes. In Achebe’s Things FallShow MoreRelatedTragic Hero1598 Words   |  7 Pageswhich eventually leads to his demise. The concept of the tragic hero was created in ancient Greek tragedy and defined by Aristotle. Usually, the realization of fatal flaw results in catharsis or epiphany. The tragic flaw is sometimes referred to as an Achilles heel after the single fatal flaw of the Greek warrior Achilles. [citation needed] Aristotelian tragic hero In a complex Aristotelian tragedy, the hero is of noble birth and is more admirable than ordinary men. He cannot, however, be morallyRead MoreOedipus the King, a Tragic Hero Essay1713 Words   |  7 PagesOedipus, a tragic hero Sophocless Oedipus Rex is probably the most famous tragedy ever written. Sophocless tragedy represents a monumental theatrical and interpretative challenge. Oedipus Rex is the story of a King of Thebes upon whom a hereditary curse is placed and who therefore has to suffer the tragic consequences of fate (tragic flaws or hamartia). In the play, Oedipus is the tragic hero. Even though fate victimizes Oedipus, he is a tragic figure since his own heroic qualities, his loyaltyRead MoreCompare And Contrast Oedipus And Othello1816 Words   |  8 PagesWhen asked to think of a classic play that shaped the whole of literature, some of the most common answers will include Oedipus by Sophocles and Othello by William Shakespeare. Both of these texts are held in high regard as some of the greatest writing of our time, not only for their command and use of language but for their intricately woven storylines and tragic endings. Both title characters were written as tragic characters, and as such their stories result in unhappy endings for all involvedRead Morearthur miller1937 Words   |  8 Pagessuccessful man who is unhappy with that success, â€Å"The Man Who Had All The Luck† was already addressing the major themes of Miller’s later work. In 1945, Miller published a novel, FOCUS, and two years later had his first play on Broadway. â€Å"All My Sons,† a tragedy about a manufacturer who sells faulty parts to the military in order to save his business, was an instant success. Concerned with morality in the face of desperation, â€Å"All My Sons† appealed to a nation having recently gone through both a war and aRead Moredreams of vision9899 Words   |  40 Pagesthat Thomas Hardy presents Henchard’s rise and fall. Hardy introduces Henchard as nobody. He undergoes a change from being nobody to become somebody because of his hard work, his success in persuading Farfrae to become his employee and his ability to abstain from drinking alcohol. Yet, Henchard’s success does not last long. He turns back from somebody to nobody because of his judgement errors and his poor personality that lead him to the fall. LEGALIZATION This thesis entitled â€Å"AnalysisRead MoreAmerican Literature11652 Words   |  47 Pagesforced apart from her true love Style: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · short stories and novels hold readers attention through dread of a series of terrible possibilities feature landscapes of dark forests, extreme vegetation, concealed ruins with horrific rooms, depressed characters Effect: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · today in literature we still see portrayals of alluring antagonists whose evil characteristics appeal to one s sense of awe today in literature we still see stories of the persecuted young girl forced apart fromRead MoreExistentialism vs Essentialism23287 Words   |  94 Pages------------------------------------------------- Essentialism vs. Existentialism Essentialism: A belief that things have a set of characteristics that make them what they are, amp; that the task of science and philosophy is their discovery amp; expression; the doctrine that essence is prior to existence While, Existentialism:A philosophical theory or approach, that emphasizes the existence of the individual person as a free amp; responsible

Week Two Supervision Homework Free Essays

Satisfied employees, however, refers to a feeling when they have completed a job or something that feels that they have done their job well. Either side of the argument will somehow make money, promotion and/or will get benefits. They’re closely related that job satisfaction can be a motivation and/or they do it for the money, promotion and/or benefits but their satisfaction will come naturally. We will write a custom essay sample on Week Two Supervision Homework or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2. Briefly discuss several specific actions that supervisors can take to improve employee motivation. No matter how big or small the company, motivating the team is really important to business. When people lose their motivation can create less productive, less of an asset to the business. Either way, employees’ motivation will affect the overall success in a company. Praising them when they’re doing well is probably the most common and most effective as a motivation factor. Providing opportunities for growth such as adding responsibilities or challenges. 3. Explain why many managers frequently raise the following questions: â€Å"Why didn’t you do what I told you to do? † Managers have higher position than the employees being managed. Therefore, they have the privilege to make decisions and to say something like â€Å"Why didn’t you do what I told you to do? † They are more experience and probably have the education to uphold the position. Since they are more experience and probably been there longer than the employees, they have gotten use to the methods they have been using. Some just don’t have the time to change the nature in workplace, why change something that is not broken. Or maybe because some managers has a superiority complex and thinks that the way he wants something done is the best way. 4. Discuss the following statement: Meanings are in people, not in words. This can be explained in a lot of ways but I believe that Meanings is a personal preference. Just like the bible, it can be interpreted differently from other religion and culture even though the words are exactly the same. Don’t assume people know what you mean when you tell them something. The meaning is something that will depend on their own experiences, what was learnt by others. People is what gives words meaning.. Hopefully that made any sense but this is how I believe it can actually interpreted. How to cite Week Two Supervision Homework, Papers

Financial Accounting in Economic Context

Question: Discuss about the Financial Accounting in Economic Context. Answer: Introduction In this report the issues raised by the board is discussed in details. The report also provides the advice on these issues. In this report, Board Meeting has been conducted for solving the issues in the given assignment. In the first issue, solution has been given whereby estimated profit was less as compared from the budgeted amount for specified period. In the second issue, presented solution has been given on the business combination for recognizing of goodwill and arguing at the same time. In the third issue, there has been issue worth deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets for adjusting that is not according to the accounting standard. In the first issue, the company is unable to make the previously budgeted profit of $180000.00 and it is expected that there will be a short fall of 20% (Saunders and Cornett 2014). The director for this suggested writing back the provision of long service leave and annual leave into income and then recognizing the expenses as and when it is incurred. The director argued that this will reduced the budgeted deficit of profit. It is important that this suggestion should be evaluated whether it is permissible under the Australia Accounting Standards (Reimers 2014). The accounting standard provides the meaning of employee entitlement that include wages and salary, annual leaves, long service leaves, super Annuation leave and other post employment benefits (Leuz and Wysocki 2016). Therefore, it is certain that the company will have to pay for the long service leave and annual leave. The Para 10 of the AASB 137, states that provision is a liability of uncertain timing and amount so it can be said to be present obligation of the company. The Para 14 of the AASB 137 provides that the provision should be recognized when there exist a present obligation due to past event (Lee and Parker 2014). It is probable that the settlement of the present obligation will require outflow of economic resources. In addition to this, the provision is required to be recognized if a reliable estimate of the present obligation is made. In this case, the obligation for annual leave and long service leave arises as soon as the employee is recruited and started providing se rvices. Therefore based on the recognition requirement of accounting standard the company should recognize the provision related to annual leave and long leave salary (Hoyle, Schaefer and Doupnik 2015). The directors suggested writing off the provision so that to increase the profit of the company. However, it should be noted that as per the requirement of the accounting standard the decision of the director is not acceptable (Deegan 2013). The AASB 3 Business Combination this standard is applicable in case of a transaction that fulfills the definition of the business combination (Cohen et al. 2013). The Para 3 of the AASB 3 states that an entity shall determine if the transaction is business combination by applying the definition of the standard. The Para 4 of the AASB 3 states that entity is required to apply for the business combination by applying the acquisition method (Saunders and Cornett 2014). The recognition principle provided in Para 10 states that at the date of the acquisition the acquirer is required to recognize the goodwill. The goodwill is calculated by identifying the assets acquired, the liability assumed and the non controlling interest that is acquired. The Para 11 and Para 12 of the standard provides the condition that are subject to which the recognition of assets and liabilities are made. The acquirer should classify the assets and liability acquired and as per the Para 18 of the standard this sh ould be measured based on the fair value at the date of acquisition of the assets. The Para 32 of the AASB 3 states that the goodwill should be recognize by the acquirer at the date of the acquisition by subtracting the assets over the liability (Saunders and Cornett 2014). In this case, the company has merged the business with the Lucy Gallery Limited. The company has bought 70% of the assets of the company. Therefore, it is necessary that the business should recognize the goodwill at the time of acquisition. Deferred tax asset and deferred tax liabilities: Deferred tax asset (DTA) is states a situation where the business has paid more than the obligation or the taxes are paid in advance as per the balance sheet. These excess taxes are returned to the company at a later date in a form of tax relief and therefore, the overpayment is treated as an asset for the company. Deferred tax assets are generated due to taxes carried forward or paid but not recognized in the statement of revenue. This assists in reducing the future tax obligation of the company. DTA is recognized only when there is a considerable expectation that future income will be generated from the asset to offset the DTA (Saunders and Cornett 2014). On the other hand, deferred tax liability (DTL) represents the temporary differences that may arise due to the difference between the enacted and anticipated rate of income tax payable for the current period. there is always a difference exist between the accountable income and taxable income. DTL states that the company will have to pay more tax due to a transaction that have taken place during the period. DTA and DTL should be treated as follows: DTA (in the nature of tax saving) is to be added to Net profit and DTL (in nature of provision) is to be deducted from Net profit (Saunders and Cornett 2014). If net of DTA and DTL is DTL then same shall be shown under Non-Current Liabilities on Liabilities side of balance sheet. If net of DTA and DTL is DTA then same shall be shown under Non-Current Assets after non-current investment on Assets side of Balance Sheet. Therefore the companys treatment is not as per the standard (Saunders and Cornett 2014). Conclusion At the end of the study, it is concluded that three major issues have been identified and discussed in the Board General Meetings. Each problem was attained in the assignment with proper solutions at the same time. This reveals the fact that issues relates with misstated figures in the financial statements for the company and business combination related terms for specified period. Reference List Cohen, J.R., Hoitash, U., Krishnamoorthy, G. and Wright, A.M., 2013. The effect of audit committee industry expertise on monitoring the financial reporting process. The Accounting Review, 89(1), pp.243-273. Deegan, C., 2013. Financial accounting theory. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Hoyle, J.B., Schaefer, T. and Doupnik, T., 2015. Advanced accounting. McGraw Hill. Lee, T.A. and Parker, R.H., 2014. Evolution of Corporate Financial Reporting (RLE Accounting). Routledge. Leuz, C. and Wysocki, P.D., 2016. The economics of disclosure and financial reporting regulation: Evidence and suggestions for future research. Journal of Accounting Research, 54(2), pp.525-622. Pratt, J., 2013. Financial accounting in an economic context. Wiley Global Education. Reimers, J.L., 2014. Financial Accounting: Business Process Approach. Pearson Higher Ed. Saunders, A. and Cornett, M.M., 2014. Financial institutions management. McGraw-Hill Education,.

Just a Minute Topic Essay Example

Just a Minute Topic Essay Mobile phones: A not-so-silent killer? Sunday, Jun 23, 2013, 8:42 IST | Agency: Daily Telegraph To some scientists, theyre deadlier than cigarettes; to others theyre (mostly) harmless. Will we ever know the truth about mobile phones? Julia Llewellyn Smith finds out. Representational image DNA In 1996, Neil Whitfield, a sales manager from Wigan, was given his first mobile phone by his company. It was introduced as a nice, cuddly friend. It had all of your mates contact details on it. It was always in your pocket or pressed against your ear, he says. However, within a short space of time Whitfield, a father of six who was then in his late thirties, started suffering terrible headaches. Then my hearing deteriorated and I kept forgetting things, which was not like me. A scan revealed he had an acoustic neuroma a rare brain tumour that grows on a nerve in the brain near the ear. Without surgery, he was told, he had five years to live. The specialist asked if I used a mobile a lot. When I said yes, he replied: Mobiles will be the smoking gun of the 21st century. He sowed a seed in my mind. Whitfield, now 56, is one of a growing and vociferous group of people who are convinced that mobile phones are killing us. A phone, they point out, along with cordless phones and Wi-Fi, works in the same way as a miniature microwave, emitting electromagnetic radiation. Admittedly, this radiation is at too low a frequency to heat human tissue, but theres a large amount of evidence that it could affect the protective barrier between the brain and blood, allowing toxins to enter. We will write a custom essay sample on Just a Minute Topic specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Just a Minute Topic specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Just a Minute Topic specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer There is also evidence that mobiles could be damaging our immune systems, reducing sperm motility and causing tumours, Alzheimers, strokes and autism. Its not just individuals like Whitfield who believe this, but a number of eminent scientists and physicians. Two years ago, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), an agency of the World Health Organisation, published a report, reclassifying radiation from mobiles from category 3, with no conclusive evidence of causing cancer, to category 2b a possible human carcinogen along with diesel exhaust, chloroform, jet fuel, lead and DDT. In October, the Italian Supreme Court ruled that a businessmans brain tumour was caused by his use of a mobile for five or six hours a day for 12 years, paving the way for a potential host of legal actions from employees against employers. Yet bodies like Cancer Research UK assure me not to worry. We think its incredibly unlikely theres any link between phones and cancer, with the slight caveat its a relatively new technology so we cant be sure of any long-term effects, says Sarah Williams, senior health information and evidence officer. To the layperson, the science behind all of this is mind-numbingly complex. For virtually every assertion of risk, theres another asserting no risk. None of the research has been conclusive. When we do a meta-analysis of it all theres no clear effect in either direction. The studies that show phones dont cause cancer are balanced out by studies that show they do, says Williams. The anti-mobile lobby disagree. They cite the precautionary principle a statutory requirement in EU law that basically can be translated as: new technology is guilty until proven innocent. Until more research is done and phones have been in general use longer, they say its better to be safe than sorry. Official advice from the NHS is to limit our mobile usage if we want to avoid exposure to radio waves. Children in particular should only use them in emergencies, because if there is any risk, their thinner skulls and developing brains would make them much more vulnerable to potential damage. Other countries have taken this a step further. France has banned all mobile phone advertising aimed at under-12s, while legislation is being introduced to make it compulsory to sell all phones with earphones. Canada and Russia have also advised caution and the Israeli government is considering printing health warnings on phones, as on cigarette packets. Meanwhile, several countries are implementing or considering a total ban of Wi-Fi in schools. So what is the truth of the matter? Are mobiles really dangerous? There is no question that some of those sounding the alarm belong to that subset of humanity who see conspiracies everywhere they look. But, investigating the subject, it became clear to me that the arguments against phones are not all the products of paranoid minds. Far from it. The fact is, considering how widespread phones are (more than 5. 3 billion mobiles are in use out of a global population of 7 billion) anything that proved they were dangerous would be a highly inconvenient truth. Mobile phones is an issue we all bury our heads in the sand about, confirms Denis Henshaw, professor of physics and head of the Human Radiation Effects group at Bristol University. The first mobile phone technology was rolled out without really any consideration for the long-term effects, just like asbestos and smoking. The government rakes in billions from the technology, in taxes from the mobile phone companies and licensing of the networks. The new generation really doesnt want to know about any potential ill effects. Think of the tobacco companies says the anti-phone lobby who concealed the dangers of smoking and the addictiveness of nicotine and supported their position with numerous deceptive studies. Or asbestos producers who hid evidence that the mineral was dangerous even though tens of thousands of workers were dying from exposure. Mobiles are a multi-trillion-dollar industry, even bigger than pharmaceuticals, and with a sizeable lobbying arm. Nearly every study thats proven mobiles to be safe has been funded by the industry, though scientists involved in such studies point out funds are usually distributed by neutral bodies, so they have no way of knowing the source. Scientists whove discovered displeasing evidence have spoken about threats being issued to remove funding and pressure put on employers to sack them. But, at the same time, scientists accused of being in cahoots with big business are indignant. Anthony Swerdlow, professor of epidemiology at the Institute of Cancer Research, headed last years International Commission on Non-Ionising Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) report into mobile safety, concluding there was no clear evidence mobiles threatened public health. Online, I find all sorts of attacks ranging from accusations that Swerdlow has shares in the mobile industry (he has a few shares in BT) and doesnt own a mobile (he does). Where scientists do have a great deal of self-interest is in getting the answers right as far as possible, he says. Our long-term careers depend not on money from the phone industry but on having a reputation and track record for doing good science and making sound scientific judgments. If scientists conduct poor studies or make biased judgments, they harm their reputations and damage their careers. While researching this article, word reached me from impartial sources of reputable scientists whose research had led them to banning their children f rom using mobiles and a neurologist who refused to sleep with her phone charging in the bedroom because she was convinced the electromagnetic fields emitted by mobiles were responsible for the rising umber of strokes she was seeing. But they didnt respond to my emails or calls. Are they reluctant to express their doubts publicly because they rely on the industry to provide them with data, or because without hard evidence to support them they dont want to be dubbed crackpot? The crux of the debate hangs on whether this radiation can damage cells. The pro-mobile lobby stress that ionic radiation is associated with cancer because it can break biochemical bonds in the body. A mobiles electromagnetic radiation, on the other hand, has too low frequencies and too weak a signal to be able to heat human tissue and damage DNA molecules. But many disagree. In 1975, before mobiles were invented, US neuroscientist Allan Frey surprised the scientific community with a paper describing his work on the blood-brain barrier, the vital protective layer between the brain and our blood supply. The barrier is so protective that normally when blue dye is injected into animals or humans, the body turns blue while the brain remains its natural, grey colour. But in Freys experiments, microwaves pulsed at certain modulations sent dye leaking into rats brains within minutes. Rats have very similar brains to humans. This would mean that the brains environment, which needs to be extremely stable for nerve cells to function properly, can be perturbed in all kinds of dangerous ways and exposed to toxins. Subsequent research has expanded and compounded this work. People say theres no plausible biological hypothesis for how electromagnetic radiation can damage cells well speak for yourself, says Prof Henshaw, who is an adviser to Mobilewise, a group that issues safety guidance to children. Research is moving so fast, I receive five to 10 papers a day on the effects of radiofrequency. We dont know everything. Prof Henshaw does not agree that primary DNA damage is needed to cause cancer. He cites research into magnetite crystals, that are found in the human brain. Electromagnetic radiation is shown to physically vibrate these particles and theres speculation this could make cells think theyre under attack. Theyll find it stressful and this could affect the mec hanism and we know that some cancers are caused by mechanics, he says. There is also a growing school of thought that mobiles can make us more vulnerable to disease. Experiments on birds cryptochrome, a molecule in their eyes used for navigation, have shown it can be disturbed by the use of radio frequencies, far below those of mobile frequencies. These cryptochromes, also found in humans, help us detect light and therefore have a vital effect on our secretion of melatonin, the hormone that plays an important role in bolstering the immune system. An increasing number of people are claiming to be electrosensitive, allergic to the electromagnetic fields that power mobiles, to the point where theyve had to quit their jobs or move house, because of the ill effects. Over the past three or four years, Ive seen a dozen or so patients whove had problems because of electromagnetic fields, from those suffering occasional headaches to those left quite severely disabled, says Dr Andrew Tresidder, a GP in Chard, Somerset. When I advise them to switch off their Wi-Fi routers and cordless phones at night, it often appears to alleviate their symptoms. Many official bodies, including the Health Protection Agency, dismiss electrosensitivity as a psychological phenomenon. They havent seen the patients Ive seen, says Dr Tresidder. Whenever theres anything that disrupts conventional thinking, theres rearguard action trying to dismiss and rubbish any study. I think technologys wonderful and we cant escape it, but I also think in five years time if we dont pay attention to the evidence, we could be facing a public health disaster. Cancer Registry statistics for the past decade show that the number of brain tumours has remained fairly static the period in which mobile phone uptake has been greatest. But this, the doubters argue, is insufficient reassurance as brain tumours have a long latency period of up to 40 years. Although the phone industry strenuously denies its products have any links to cancer, it covers its back, using tiny print to counsel holding the phone at least 15mm from the body. BlackBerrys instructions advise a distance of 25mm and keeping phones away from pregnant abdomens or the abdomens of teenagers. I still cant contemplate abandoning my phone. But I have dusted off the Bluetooth earpiece Ive never used and persuaded my reluctant husband not to leave his phone charging in the bedroom. Im considering buying a shield, placed in the ear, that is supposed to deflect radiation, but I can find no studies to prove such gadgets actually work. Neil Whitfields operation on his neuroma was successful, but he was left deaf in his left ear and still gets headaches and facial twitches. He left his job, which relied on mobile use, and now refuses to use a mobile. Now, when I havent a number to give people they think Im trying to avoid them, or Im silly, a crank. They think: That will never happen to me. But when you have had a brain operation like me, you err on the side of caution. In my opinion, if phones were a food, theyd long have been taken off the shelves and sent back to the lab for further investigations.

Content analysis Why is it that many US citizens are not well informed about international events

Content analysis Why is it that many US citizens are not well informed about international events Media coverage of local and international events plays a critical role in reproduction, dissemination, construction and expression of prevailing perspectives and dominant ideologies when carried out without bias.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Content analysis: Why is it that many US citizens are not well informed about international events specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Unbalanced treatment in the provision of local and international news by different sources of media as well as the perception of media on domestic news has drawn much concern on the level of information citizens of a country get on international news. This paper examines the excerpts of New York Times and Los Angeles Times media coverage of local and international news to determine the reporting bias of their content on whether they are positive, negative or neutral. Hence, this paper focuses on the front pages of the New York Times, Washingt on Post and Los Angeles Times newspapers of 1st February 2012. Research question: Why is it that many US citizens are not well informed about international events? Hypotheses The disclosure made by media on both domestic and international news plays an important role of revealing how events or even power interplay across cultural encounters. Groeling argues that balanced media coverage that considers both positive and negative dimensions of international matters acts as a very powerful tool that influences citizens of a nation on how to develop global public opinions.1 However, this has not been the case with many US newspapers due to their bias coverage of international news. In most cases, they have given more attention to domestic events and covered some sections of international news which are of less significance to the American public. Groeling posits that less significant does not mean that it lacks value per se, but that most stories of international events are normally nega tive reports of either terrorism, loss of lives or war with little on developments and inventions. From these concerns, the paper develops the following hypotheses: Hypothesis 1: News outlets stressing US domestic over international news coverage causes US citizens to be uninformed about international events.Advertising Looking for coursework on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hypothesis 2: News outlets tending to report primarily negative stories about international events causes US citizens to be uninformed about international events. Hypothesis 3: News outlets tending to focus their international coverage on Mexico, Canada, Western European countries, and countries where US military forces are engaged in conflicts causes US citizens to be uninformed about international events. Definition of terms Negative media coverage: Refers to the media presenting stories which are of negative nature. Issue s which are negative in the society are often highlighted with an intention of awakening members of the society on the bad issues that are happening in the modern world or in people’s lives.2 Neutral coverage: Offering of stories or events that are neither negative nor positive. Positive media coverage: Refers to presentations by media on stories which are of positive nature such as those which involve accomplishments and award. Newspaper content analysis New York Times stressing local and domestic news over international news New York Times newspaper is one of the major American newspapers whose main sections business news, Washington updates, national, sports and international news as well as an opinion and features section.3 Of greatest importance for this paper is the newspaper for 1st February 2012 whose front page clearly depicted how unbalanced it is in presenting both domestic and international news. Babad and Peer point out that inasmuch as events in a nation should take a better portion of media coverage, international events are also important in informing a population on matters that would affect them and that have significant information.4 In the New York Times 1st of February 2012 edition, over 60% of the front page events were domestic news.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Content analysis: Why is it that many US citizens are not well informed about international events specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Some of the key news included Romney’s election campaigns in Florida where he won in primary, issues of health especially cancer in America and matters related to donors who are interested in rising above Obama. The front page had very little on international news band and whatever was presented was a negative report related to violence in Syria.5 In fact, international bits of news have been included in inside pages such as in section A of page ten which gives international events only the negative perception. A case example is the massive deaths occurring in Eastern Europe. Limited reporting of positive international news as well as biased coverage of international news on the front page denies the American public better and sufficient international information. Los Angeles Times and negative media reporting on international news Los Angeles Times is a daily American newspaper that offers both national and international news coverage on areas such as politics, business and sports. Its coverage for 1st February 2011 has about 75% local or domestic news on its front page and about 25% of international news most of which are negative reports. One such report was published by Brian Bennett on threats of terror and a possible attack on US by Iran.6 Domestically, Los Angeles news presents positive news such as that of Romney’s win and other neutral ones like raising cash to develop a cash reserve in California.7 Media coverage on Mexico , Canada, Western European countries, and countries where US military forces are engaged in conflicts While this may be partly true to news papers such as Washington Post whose front page has a section on US developments in war zones, it is important to note that international news related to war do not take center stage in front pages like domestic news.8 International news for this paper is mostly negative and feature in inside pages. Inasmuch as the events presented in the newspaper as international news are real, they create the impression that many international events are negative this deny most Americans the ability to gain other useful information on matters happening around the world. Conclusion: To sum up, it is vital to note that unbalanced media coverage of domestic and international news and the perspectives both positive and negative created by news on daily events play a critical role of denying American public sufficient and beneficial information on international ma tters.Advertising Looking for coursework on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Media coverage on most front pages of US national newspapers such as Los Angeles and New York Times gives a lot of cover mostly positive and neutral to US’s domestic events and paint a bad impression on international events by negative news. There is great need for media groups to create a balance of both local and international news and major on positive aspects of events happening internationally as these not only motivate readers’ interested international affairs, but also provide them with information they can use to develop opinions. Bibliography Babad, Elisha Peer, Eyal. Media bias in interviewers nonverbal behavior: potential remedies, attitude similarity and meta-analysis. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior 34, no. 1 (2010): 57-78. Bennet, Brian. â€Å"Al Qaeda weakened, Iran a threat, U.S. intelligence officials say†. Los Angeles Times. Feb. 1, 2012. https://www.latimes.com/ Gadner, Amy. â€Å"Panetta says U.S. hopes to end Afghanistan combat mission in 20 13†. Washington Post. Feb.1, 2012. https://www.washingtonpost.com/ Groeling, Tim. Whos the fairest of them all? An empirical test for partisan bias on ABC, CBS, NBC, and Fox News. Presidential Studies Quarterly 38, no. 4 (2008): 631-657. Shear, Michael. â€Å"Still Battling G.O.P. Foes, Romney Turns to Face Obama†. New York Times. Feb. 1, 2012. https://www.nytimes.com/ Appendix Content Analysis Tally Sheet: Story Number US Domestic or International Content If International, Country or Region Covered Story is Positive, Negative, or Neutral Inches of Text in Story 1 New York Times domestic positive 1. 5† International Syria Negative 1 2 Washington post Domestic positive 5† International Afghanistan Negative 3 Los Angeles Times Domestic 5† International Afghanistan Negative 4 Continue to end of newspaper with enough rows for total number of stories Footnotes 1 Tim Groeling. Whos the fairest of them all? An empirical t est for partisan bias on ABC, CBS, NBC, and Fox News. Presidential Studies Quarterly, 38, no. 4 (2008): 650. 2 Ibid. p.650 3 Michael Shear. â€Å"Still Battling G.O.P. Foes, Romney Turns to Face Obama†. New York Times. Feb. 1, 2012. 4 Elisha Babad Eyal Peer. Media Bias in Interviewers Nonverbal Behavior: Potential Remedies, Attitude Similarity and Meta-analysis. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 34, no. 1 (2010): 67. 5 Ibid. p.67 6Brian Bennet. â€Å"Al Qaeda weakened, Iran a threat, U.S. intelligence officials say†. Los Angeles Times. Feb. 1, 2012. 7 Ibid. 8 Amy Gadner. â€Å"Panetta says U.S. hopes to end Afghanistan combat mission in 2013†. Washington Post. Feb.1, 2012.

Miller-Urey Experiment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Miller-Urey Experiment - Essay Example There is no denying the fact that this experiment till date is regarded to be a classic experiment pertaining to the origins of life. This experiment was carried on by Harold C Urey and Stanley L Miller at the University of Chicago in the year 1953. The scientific community was in doubt about the chemical components that constituted the atmosphere of the early earth. Thereby in their experiment, Miller and Urey selected Water, Hydrogen, Ammonia and Methane, considering them to be the salient components constituting the atmosphere of the early earth, when the life was still not there (Willis, 2000). These chemicals were made to circulate in an array of flasks and glass tubes which were completely sterilized. These glass tubes and flasks were connected together in a loop as is shown in the above figure. One of the flasks was half filled with water, while the other flask in this loop was fitted with electrodes. The water in the half filled flask was heated to create water vapors in the loop and the gases so created were circulated through the loop to simulate the atmosphere of early earth. The water vapor so produced represented the water in the lakes and rivers on the early earth which eventually evaporated and consequently precipitated down as rain. The electrodes in the other flask were intermittently fired to create lightening storm like effect, which was believed to be pervasive on early earth (Willis, 2000). After carrying on the experiment for one full week, Miller and Urey found out that that almost 10 to 15 percent of the carbon existent in the system they contrived in their experiment had turned to organic compounds (Willis, 2000). They also discovered that nearly 2 percent of the carbon now constituted 13 of the 22 amino acids that went into the making of proteins in living cells (Willis, 2000). Glycine was found to be the most abundant amino acid in this protein soup (Willis, 2000). No doubt the

Health Care Law (Obamacare) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Health Care Law (Obamacare) - Essay Example This paper will critically evaluate the impact of the new health care law (Obamacare). It will recognize the advantages and disadvantages of the law and its significance in nursing practice. The new health care law influences the insurance market rules. It affects both the public and private health insurances. Individuals get private health insurance by buying directly or through the employer. The public health insurance consists of Medicare and Medicaid. The concept of grandfathering is utilized to imply that the existing insurance policies would not be affected by new market rules. The act removed lifetime caps in all plans; this is inclusive of the grandfathered plans for all important health benefits stated in the law. The annual limits for group coverage and individual plans purchased after March, 2010 are prohibited starting 2014 (Marcovici, 2013). The health reform act restricts the percentage of income that should be paid in respect to health insurance. In addition, it gives subsidies to help with the buying of the health insurance. Moreover, it gives cost-sharing help to restrict the out-of-pocket expenditures. The increased premium and choice help ensures that coverage is affordable and available to medium income Americans. The uninsured population of New York is expected to qualify in premium aid and constitute eighty seven percent (Gokhale, Erickson & Lawrence, 2011). The Obamacare gives Americans a chance to seek medical care early and have access to the physician consultation. This would ensure that the diseases are identified early enough and are cheap to treat. This will cut down the cost incurred in treatment diseases. When more people are insured then, the cost of health insurance premium is reduced because the risks and costs are spread in a large population. In regard to employment, the health reform will ensure that the workforce is healthy that will result to fewer hours lost in absence and hence more productivity.

Reflect on the alignment between your skills and attributes and those Essay

Reflect on the alignment between your skills and attributes and those required in commonwealth bank of the accounting profession - Essay Example There is an array of environmental characteristics to which an accountant working with Commonwealth Bank is exposed to. Some of the major operations taking place at the Bank are private and business banking, enterprise and group services, dealing with markets and institutional banking, retail banking service and wealth management. No matter what kind of environmental traits an accountant is exposed to his skills and attributes must be always aligned. To work as an accountant at the Commonwealth Bank one need to have some professional skills as well as some expertise in his or her respective field. In addition to having the basic accounting skills the accountants must also have some other essential skills such as being computer literate and possessing in depth understanding of spreadsheets. As an accountant at Commonwealth one has to deal with petty cash, the investments and bank accounts of other people, so it is necessary that he or she is trustworthy and honest. It is important that the accountant adheres to all the organizational and accounting policies. Commonwealth Bank likes to include individuals in the firm that are good at multitasking. The Commonwealth Bank also likes to include fresh graduates as interns in their team. The reason the Bank likes to welcome new talent is because it wants that minds with new and innovative idea should be the part of the organization and come up with creative new ideas. The firm does not desire for graduates having much experience as interns. All they are looking for are interns willing to work and learn with the bank on a contractual basis. All they require to have is the basic accounting knowledge and computer and presentation skills. Commonwealth Bank may ask its accountants to lead teams for various important projects. They are also required to oversee projects and enforce the policies of the Bank. It will be an advantage for the Bank if the accountant possesses strong communication skills as it will be

A Review of Literature of Erosion of Soils

A Review of Literature of Erosion of Soils Introduction Numerous work and research have been undertaken on erosion of soils for many decades. The following literature review is focusing on the relevant topics in terms of soil erosion process as well as the parameters and factors of soil erosion .Moreover, the literature reviews is primarily focusing on the management and control the soil erosion. 1 Soil Erosion by Water To perform this study, it was necessary to understand how soil erosion occurs. Usually it occurs at a low level but can become a problem when the ecological balance disturbed by humans activities or severe weather .The risk of erosion by water when soils with a high sand or silt content that exposed to heavy rainfall. (Defray 2005). It is crucial that considering rainfall and runoff factors when assessing a water erosion problem (BC.S.Baldwin 2003) .Although the soil erosion caused by long-lasting or less-intense rainfall is not as spectacular .But soil movement by rainfall is most noticeable during the short-time, high-intensity thunderstorms and the amount of soil loss can be considerably, especially when compounded over time. While the excess water on a slope that cannot be absorbed into the soil or trapped on the surface, the runoff will occur. The amount of runoff can be increased if infiltration is reduced due to soil compaction. (BC.S.Baldwin 2003) Two stages process involved in the soil erosion, which depend on water detaching and transporting soil. Rainsplash is a key determinant of detachment of soil particles in the first stage of erosion. However, if a growing crop covers the soil surface, the erosive power of rain will dramatically reduced. Once it detached, surface water run off plays a key role in the process of soil particles being transported. Surface run-off can be easily happening during the heavy storms or prolonged rainfall. (BC.S.Baldwin 2003) Tess Wynn investigated the streambank retreat. Normally it is called streambank erosion, the occurrences involved the combination of three processes, subaerial process, fluvial entrainment and mass wasting. Specifically. The term â€Å"subaerial process† is used to describe the climate- related phenomena that reduce the strength of soil .It mainly controlled by climatic conditions, and overly independent of flow. Subaerial processed are often called â€Å"preparatory processes† due to they increase the susceptibility of soil to erosion at high flows (Wolman, 1959;Lawler, 1993) Apparently. Fluvial entrainment means the direct removal of soil particles or aggregates from the streambed or banks by flowing water. (Tess Wynn 2006), but the fluvial erosion of cohesive soils is extremely complex and related to soil properties and test conditions (Grissinger, 1982). The susceptibility of a cohesive soil to erosion influenced by numerous of the parameters of soil, including grain size distribution, soil density, pore water content and chemistry (Grissinger, 1982) Mass wasting also known as bank failure, it occurs when the weight of the bank exceeds the shear strength of soil. The mass wasting can be attributed to increasing the bank height or bank angel due to fluvial erosion or the presence of tension cracks (ASCE, 1998).Research has proved that bank geometry, properties of bank materials and the density and the type of bank vegetation play the key role the occurrence of mass wasting. Hu Liu, Theodore G. Cleveland, and Keh Han Wang conducted the laboratory tests of dependence on properties of soils and. In their study, rainfall was generated by the rainfall simulator; along with flume .The rainfall simulator consist of a wooden frame and a group of PVC pipes with small holes. The soil sample was placed at one end of the flume .In the experiment, the simulator activated by the adjustment of the slope. In addition, six type of soil with different texture and classifications used in this laboratory experiments. The results show more soil erosion produced by the higher rainfall intensity. Besides, the unit soil volume loss affected by shear strength, compressive strength and rainfall intensities but less influenced by the bed slope. (Hu Liu, Theodore G. Cleveland, and Keh Han Wang, 1999) Jill Fernqvist and Ida Florberger conducted their research in South Africa .Their study indicated the fires are one the important factor that changes the soil properties .their study has been taken in the Western Cape,. The fieldwork focused on water repellency has detrimental influence upon the post-fire erosion Jill Fernqvist and Ida Florberger(2003) 2 Soil Erodibility Soil erodibility is an estimate of the ability of soils to resist erosion in term of the physical characteristics of soil. Generally, the faster infiltration rates of soil, the higher levels of organic matter and improved soil structure have a greater resistance to erosion silt, very fine sand, and certain clay textured soils tend to be more erodible than Sand, sandy loam and loam textured soils cropping practices which lower soil organic matter levels, cause poor soil structure, and result of compacted contribute to increases in soil erodibility. Compacted subsurface soil layers result in decreased infiltration and increased runoff. A formation of a soil crust, can create the decreased of infiltration, however, normally the growth of runoff water is attended by the greater soil erosion problems. (BC.S.Baldwin 2003) There is a definite link between Past erosion and soils. The original soils tend to be less erodible than the exposed subsurface soils on eroded sites were, owing to their lower organic matter or poorer structure .The lower nutrient levels usually related with subsoils contribute to lower crop yields and generally poorer crop cover, which in turn provides less crop protection for the soil. (BC.S.Baldwin 2003) Gregory J. Hanson provided the complex problem about how to predict the erodibilty of soil material by flowing water. Base on the knowledge of hydraulic characteristics and the characteristics of cohesive soils .Laboratory Jet tests were carried out on soil samples compacted at different moisture content dynamic. Jet detection apparatus and method description of the excess stress parameters determined kd and tc. An example of this is used to test the soil in the laboratory to determine the appropriate placement in the field. The flume tests and field trials were carried out to verify the plane corrosion. (Gregory J.2002) 3 Slope Gradients and Length Basically. The steeper slope areas, the greater amount of soil erosion by water.Soil erosion of water also increased with slope length due to the greater accumulation of runoff. The consolidation of small fields into larger results is often no longer the slope length of the potential for erosion, because water with an increase rate that allows a greater degree of scouring (carrying capacity of the sediment) (BC.S.Baldwin 2003) 4 Soil Deposition Soil particles of all sizes may be moved during run-off. When flow stopped, these start to settle. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), sediment is a root cause of water quality impairment (USEPA, 2002).excess Suspended sediments to reduce diversity and rich of aquatic organisms, reduce reservoir capacity, improve drinking water treatment costs, and serve as a carrier of pollutants.(Tess Wynn,2006) The erosion process of cohesive sediment was studied in Masato Sekine and Nobuaki Iizuka study .To full understand the process, they also conduct an experiment .Clay mixed with different compositions were used to test samples of the form of erosion of water pipes in a closed experimental apparatus. Specifically .Experiments carried out a square circle closed pipeline system cross-section 400 centimeters in length and 10 centimeters wide, 10 centimeters deep. 5 Vegetation The potential of soil erosion is increased, if the soil with little or no vegetation, plants and crop residues. Residue cover to protect plants and soil from rain splash, tends to slow down surface runoff flows, and ensures excess surface water infiltration. Erosion soils reducing the efficiency of the plant or residue cover depends on the category, degree and quantity of cover. Combination of vegetation and residue completely covered the soil, and to intercept all falling raindrops, and near the surface and the most effective control of soil (such as forests, permanent grassland). Part into the residue and the root is also very important because they provide the channel that allows surface water into the soil. The effectiveness of any crop, management system or protective cover also depends on how much protection can be at different times during the year, the relative amount of erosive rainfall during these periods belong to. In this aspect , the crops with food, protective cover a major part of the year (for example, alfalfa or winter cover crops) can reduce soil erosion can be far more than crops leave the soil bare for a longer period of time (such as row crops) , especially during the high erosive rainfall (spring and summer).( C.S.Baldwin 2003) I.J. Shelton also investigated tillage operations influence upon the soil erosion, which depending on the depth, direction and timing of the plowing, the types of farming equipment and a number of passes. Generally speaking, the less interference or residual vegetation cover at or near the surface, the more efficient farming practices, and reduce soil erosion (I.J. Shelton 2003) Soil erosion potential is affected by tillage operations, depending on the depth, direction and timing of plowing, the type of tillage equipment and the number of passes. Generally, the less the disturbance of vegetation or residue cover at or near the surface, the more effective the tillage practice in reducing erosion. Regarding the effects of vegetation on streambank stability , Tess Wynn examined the vegetation influences the chemical and properties of steambanks and the local micro climate .The multiple effects on subaerial process produced by riparian vegetation including the dense cover of vegetation absorbs the energy of rainfall ,reducing soil detachment by raindrop . But it should be noted that the effects of vegetation on stream hydraulic varies with the stream stage, width and season. Additionally. Distribution of energy and sediment in a stream influenced by the vegetation. (Tess Wynn 2006) Tess Wynn 2006 addressed the vegetation cover problem. Extensive erosion by wind may result from the lack of permanent vegetation cover in certain locations. Loose, dry, bare soil is the most susceptible; however, crops that produce low levels of residue also may not provide enough resistance. Besides, crops that produce a lot of residue which not protect the soil in severe conditions. Therefore, an adequate network of living windbreaks along with good tillage, residue management, and crop selection are considered to be the most effective vegetative cover for protection. (Tess Wynn 2006) South Africa is a country which lack of the water, but the Jill Fernqvist and Ida Florberger have described the theory of fire -induced water repellency and the following soil erosion in their study. Generally, In South Africa, alien species require more water than the indigenous one. Therefore, alien vegetation provides a poor ground cover compared to the indigenous vegetation, which could result in surface run off and soil erosion (.Jill Fernqvist and Ida Florberger 1996). Jill Fernqvist and Ida Florberger observed the Alien vegetation apparently has been considered as a key issue in the ecosystem of Western Cape. Water yield was decreased in the long term due to the alien vegetation consume a large amount of water, as a result, the biodiversity is threatened. In addition, fire in the alien vegetation for the results of erosion-prone slopes. (Jill Fernqvist and Ida Florberger, 2003) Defra (2005) summarized the Management Practices using Vegetables and Salad Crops in soil erosion Control. And offered some solutions to prevent the soil erosion when undertaking the cultivations, irrigation and harvest. (Defra 2005) 6 Soil Erosion by Wind Soil is also erosion by wind, although the effect is not noticeable like the erosion by water. C.S.Baldwin studied the rate and magnitude of soil erosion by wind is decided by many factors: Erodibility of Soil The wind suspends very fine particles and then transported great distances. Fine and medium size particles can be lifted and deposited by wind. While coarse particles can be blown along the surface (commonly known as the saltation effect). Soil Surface Roughness Soil surfaces only provide little resistance to the wind. However, ridges can be filled in and the roughness broken down by abrasion to produce a smoother surface susceptible to the wind in a long time. Excess tillage is a threat to soil, because it breakdown the soil structure and increased erosion. Climate There is a define link between the speed and duration of the wind and extent of soil erosion. The levels of Soil moisture can be very slightly low at the surface of excessively drained soils or during periods of dro ught, and releasing the particles for transport by wind. It occurs in freeze drying of the surface in winter. Adverse operating conditions maybe created by wind erosion in the field. Crops can be completely ruined so that costly delay and reseeding is necessary (C.S.Baldwin 2003) 7 Effects of Soil Erosion The negative changes from bank erosion including farmland productivity losses, damage to building structures such as bridges, roads etc. I.J. Shelton defined the on-site effects and off-site effects. On-site effects mean extension of the elimination of the impact of soil erosion of valuable topsoil. Crop emergence, growth and yield a direct impact on the loss of, natural and applied fertilizer and soil nutrients. Seeds and plants may interfere with or completely abolish the erosion site. Organic matter in soil, residues and any applicable fertilizer, a relatively light weight, can be transported off-site, especially in the spring thaw conditions. While the off-site effect is not always obvious as on-site effects, but Eroded soil, deposited down slope can inhibit or delay the emergence of the seed, bury small seedling, need to replant in the affected areas. Soil quality, structure, stability and texture can be affected by the loss of soil. The breakdown of aggregates and the removal o f smaller particles or entire layers of soil or organic matter can weaken the structure and even change the texture. Textural changes can in turn affect the water-holding capacity of the soil, making it more susceptible to extreme condition such a drought. (I.J. Shelton 2003) According to the C.S.Baldwin (2003), Sediment can contribute to road damage, accelerate bank erosion, and reduce downstream water quality. What is worse, Pesticides, and fertilizers, which contained in the soils. They frequently transported with eroded soil pollution or contamination of water downstream and entertainment district. 8 Conservation Measures While, based upon research, various conservation measures can be taken to reduce soil erosion by both water and wind. Tillage, cropping practices, and land management practices, have a direct impact on the overall soil erosion problem and solutions to a farm. When crop rotations or changing tillage practices are not enough areas where erosion control method or a combination of more extreme measures may be necessary. For example, contour plowing, strip cropping, or terracing may be considered. (C.S.Baldwin 2003) The defra (2005) advised measures about how to control the soil erosion. In their study, four categories of solution were presented. It is crucial to understand that erosion control on susceptible soil types can be successfully achieved to reduce the impact of rainfall erosion and maintain soil infiltration rate, so that the surface flow are avoided. It can be achieved by 1 To protect the soil from rainfall impact, whether it is permanent vegetation cover or land rotation, timely crop establishment and retention of surface crop residues. 2 Avoiding smooth, flat finishes to exposed field surfaces, so that good water seepage rates remain unchanged. 3 Avoiding tramlines, wheeling or cultivation features that can channel surface flow. 4 Seeking to increase the organic matter content in the means of improving the stability of the soil in the longer term. Steep slope and erosion because of increased risk, the efficiency of these measures is becoming increasingly important. When deciding on the combination of measures to apply in any particular situation, consideration should always be the serious erosion that may occur, if the case happened. In some cases, a measure aimed at controlling erosion may increase. For example, work along the contour is sometimes used to reduce runoff, but if the profile is not strictly followed, the accumulation of water at low points which might break over the cultivation features. (Defra 2005) Meanwhile, good management practices play a pivotal role in the control of soil erosion. Some examples and considerations were presented in defra (2005) study. In order to minimize the soil erosion when soil in the most vulnerable condition, the different type and timing of cultivations should be planned. Obviously, the overall aim should be the soil maintain in a less vulnerable condition as long as possible .Therefore, defra (2005) provided the good management of the farm to reduce erosion risks in terms of seedbed preparation, directions of cultivations and irrigation. 9 Conclusion Soil erosion is a natural and slow process. It has the detrimental effect on the environmental. Normally the agents of soil erosion are water and wind, the soil erosion is affected by many factors .But soil erosion could be effectively controlled and minimized by taken appropriate measures. References Abernethy, B. and I. D. Rutherfurd. 1998. Where along a rivers length will vegetation most effectively stabilize stream banks? Geomorphology. 23(1):55-75 ASCE. 1998. River width adjustment. I: Processes and mechanisms. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 124(9):881-902. Coppin, N. J. and I. G. Richards. 1990. Use of Vegetation in Civil Engineering. Butterworths.London Department for environment food and rural affairs .2005 .Controlling soil erosion, Defra Publications, London. G.J.de Boer .2002.on the consolidation and erosion of cohesive sediments.Deflt University of Technology .Civil Engineering and Geosciences G. Wall, C.S. Baldwin and I.J. Shelton. 2003. Soil Erosion Causes and Effects .Face Sheet.Queen`s print for Ontario Jill Fernqvist, Ida Florberger 2003. Fire and post-fire soil erosion in the Western Cape, South Africa: Field observations and management practices. Committee of Tropical Ecology, Uppsala University, Sweden. Tess Wynn.2006. Streambank Retreat: A Primer. Vol. 4, No.1 January March 2006. Watershed Update Thorne, C. R. and N. K. Tovey. 1981. Stability of composite river banks. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms. 6(5):469-484

Offreds Narrative - What is the purpose and function of the Historical

Offred's Narrative - What is the purpose and function of the Historical Notes and how do they assist your interpretation of the novel? The historical notes are not part of Offred’s narrative, they are a transcript of a symposium held at a university in 2195 – two hundred years from where we left the end of Offred’s harrowing tale. The purpose of these notes if any, is to put Offred’s narrative into a historical purpose to help these academics understand the life of Gilead. It seems to me that another purpose of these historical notes is to provoke a very strong reaction in the readers who have followed the emotional journey with the narrator Offred. The significance of the university name ‘Denay, Nunavit’ is that Atwood took the name from a group of people called Dene from Canada’s North west territories and they are about to become the first self-governing group of North American native people in an area called Nunavit. Atwood has chosen names such as Maryann Crescent Moon and Johnny Running Dog for the professors suggesting that the native Americans overbear the academy which strongly contrasts with the white male-dominated patriarchy in the Gilead times in this future world Atwood has made the white males become the vulnerable subjects of a study and nit the dominant rulers and scholars they once were. Also the name of the university sounds like the sentence ‘Deny None Of it’ suggesting that Offred’s story was all true despite what my be said or not said in the historical notes. The purpose of the lecturer that Atwood created Professor James Darcy Pieixto is to give readers a masculine view of Offred’s story which is ironic due to the domineering and powerful roles that the males played in Offre... ... see themselves progressive but hold the seeds of patriarchal oppression. With Pieixto’s appeal for some understanding feelings toward Gilead which was then followed by an applause this also suggests such moral ambivalence getting ready for such future evils. Another purpose for these notes is also to show how academics miss the point completely when looking at some historical facts and Atwood shows an example of this with these notes, how people can be sending out the wrong message and doing false teachings. The finishing sentence â€Å"Are there any questions?† gives the story a deliberate open-ended conclusion, here I think Atwood wants readers to discuss or at least think about the message she has just shown us, that the end of The Handmaids Tale is only the beginning of a discussion of the issues raised in the story, of what will our world finally become?

Nightmare in the city

It was a cold dark night in metropolis, a large city just outside of New York, USA. The year is 2199 and the dawning of a new centuary is apon us with great delight to most of the million citizens or so that live here. But in the ranks we were more worried about the mass killings that strangely occur this time every hundred years. I am an underground detective that investigates for the police â€Å"The names Brody, Detective Brody,† I said to the new Detective sergeant of the NYPD. â€Å"It's good to meet ya, Kid,† the new sergeant growled at me through the thick black smoke of his cigar. My first impressions of the character were one of trust and one of dress sense, which in both cases he had none of. I left the police station at about 10.30pm and took a back alleyway back to my apartment on 7th and 4th street when I noticed that every street lamp went out the moment I walked past, it went out â€Å"funny,† I say to myself aloud and carry on walking by the lights which still went out every time I walked past them. I had only experienced this once before in my lifetime but I was as usual under the influence of my favourite tipple at the time, Thankfully today I was sober. Then suddenly I heard a cry, a loud screeching noise a few hundred metres away dead ahead of me, I knew this alleyway well I used it every day. There was no way anyone could be attacked down this alleyway, but then again the excitement of the next few hours as the clock strikes twelve made me very apprehensive, so I ran down the alleyway to find out what had happened. I ran for about two minutes then I tripped over a large object on the floor I looked around and I found a woman on the floor unconscious and bleeding heavily so I instantly called an ambulance to help come and pick her up. Buy the time they arrived she was dead. No one knew who was there on site could understand her cause of death, No impact wounds on the head or body which could have caused the blood, No gunshot on her body, nothing. This got me even more worried. I got home about two hours later, the shock of seeing someone in that condition made me sick. Who or what as the case could be did this to such an innocent person. When I got into my bedroom I fell onto my bed and slept, as I was not in the party mood after this little fiasco. I woke up several times in the night as the partying kept me awake for hours at a time then before I knew it my alarm woke me up at about 7.30am before I got dressed I wrote a list of what I could do to help the poor ladies family. I finished my list had a wash and got changed I then sat down for breakfast I sat watching the holoscreen to see if the killings of last night had been better or worse than last time. The reporter informed me that the killings were ten times as bad as last time and that you should avoid going out at all costs. Unfortunately my time had come to leave the warm comfort of my home and headed downtown to my office on 12th and 9th. I left my apartment with caution, as you don't quite know what is going to happen at this time of year. As I left the tatty main door to the block I saw all of the wonderful displays that all of the children had made for the city up in flames. They looked like old torn clothes rather than wonderful display of affection to the community. It looked like a scene from an old space movie where only the star was left after they destroyed the planet. The city even had the red glow of the fires that were here and their, as the fire robots tried to extinguish them

Art Theft Essay

Of the many crimes that are present in this day and age, one that not only vandalizes the property, but as well as historical background is that of art theft. A crime that has taken away the sanctity of churches as well as many other religious and historical sites. Thefts have ranged from WWII (World War II) to the times of the Holocaust. Of the items that were taken from the churches, relics were items of great priority. These items not only had great value to the churches they were stolen from, but a great value to relic collectors. Most of the items taking during these times were either sold or placed in underground storage. Most of these items that were place in these secret places were never to be seen again. From the times of these so called â€Å"relic hunters† to now, art theft has become something that has taken some extreme changes. It has evolved from crime that started with minor relic thefts to something that has become a worldwide crime in need of better preventi on. see more:recount essay pt3 Art theft is a crime that has been on the rise for the last half of this century. â€Å"According to law enforcement officials, art theft now ranks second only to drugs as the world’s most lucrative illegal activity.† (Journal of Commerce) Whether bought, created, or stolen, art has become something that is of great demand. â€Å"Art theft has flourished as never before. Just keeping up with the number of stolen objects and their total value is a big-time guessing game.† (Dudar) This is a problem that not only faces us as art owners and collectors, but museums and auction houses as well. Everyone possessing a piece of artwork is at risk of art theft. This artwork doesn’t have to be anything out of the ordinary to be a target. Along with famous paintings, sculptures, and other types of artwork, many insignificant or unrecognized pieces of artwork are being stolen too. â€Å"Most thefts appear to be the work of thieves without serious art education. Along w ith the good stuff, they are apt to sweep up junk – those sappy gift-shop paintings of kids with enormous eyes, for example, which no serious collector would covet.† (Lowenthal) On the other hand some of these thefts are being done by some of the best in the business. â€Å"Some thieves have turned out to be professionals who, following fashion, switched from robbing video stores to burgling art. Some are actually specialists in vehicle thievery; they make off with a truck then discover that the freight includes some salable  pictures. A few are insiders with easy access: doormen, night watchmen, butlers, occasionally even a curator satisfying a longing to own art he or she can’t afford.† (Lowenthal)With the demand of art increasing, museums and auction houses want to have the best of what there is to offer on display. Placing the best on display causes more of a risk of theft to take place. This is just one of the many issues that these places are faced with. â€Å"The issue facing security managers and owners of museums and galleries is this: Works of art are meant to be seen by the public or potential purchasers. Visitors expect to be allowed to scrutinize the objects on display. Thus, the museum’s assets are immediately susceptible to theft or damage, whether accidental or deliberate.† (Burrows, p.34) Therefore a type of security must be in place to prevent this from happening. How should this security system designed? â€Å"In designing museum security, I suggest a three-step approach: (1) List what to protect. (2) Consider what is likely to happen to it. (3) Consider action to counter the threat.† (Burrows, p.34)This step seems obvious, yet is all too often neglected. Careful cataloging when goods arrive not only helps with future insurance claims but also greatly eases ongoing checks and any later disputes as to when damage occurred. In fact, more loss may occur through accidental damage during the setup of displays than through theft. In addition, damage may not be noticed for some time. Invariably, displays are set up hastily and cataloging is bypassed unduly abbreviated. It’s important not only to list holdings but also to assess them qualitatively. (Burrows, p. 34, 37)Consider what is likely to happen to it:When one is considering the likely possibilities of what might happen to the pieces of artwork, they must â€Å"regard what is likely to happen to the assets, imagination and historical searching are needed.† (Burrows, p.37) In these searches one should examine what tendencies were shown in the previous thefts. They should also think of other possibilities that could happen. Consider theft, vandalism, publicity-seeking, fire, and water damage. Of course, many incidents are not publicly reported. Museum management fears lost sponsorship, increases in insurance costs, and nervousness among potential lender and exhibitors. Unfortunately, those fears are well-founded. They are part of the hidden cost of crime. Reducing the likelihood of those ill effects is part of what one earns by implementing  security. (Burrows, p.37)Consider action to counter the threat:Counter-action is the main ingredient in successfully preventing art theft. In this step one must examine how to property staff the place where artwork is being stored and what type of security systems will best suit this place. â€Å"Staffing is undoubtedly one of the crosses that security has to bear. In Boston, â€Å"police† were allowed access to a museum without external verification. They then robbed the museum.† (Burrows, p.37) Because of the opportunity of theft coming from securi ty guards or from the inside, others measures must be taken too. â€Å"Mindful of that problem, many galleries include in their standard operating procedures instructions to telephone a police station before officers are admitted. Nevertheless, security staff invariably let them in unchecked.† (Burrows, p.37) The strictness of security in museums and auction houses are greatly proportional to their respected role. The more thought of a museum or auction house is or the more famous one is, the better type of security they have. These types of well-known places constantly have security-training programs that are ongoing. Many of them have security workshops that their employees are required to attend. Flaws in this so-called human security are also something that is feared. â€Å"Any museum or gallery worth its salt has an ongoing training program that teaches security personnel how to react to various events. Yet horror stories abound, such as the one about a security officer who, seeing a vandal holding up a lighter to a flammable display piece, took no action.† (Burrows, p.37) Because of these flaws, many high-tech security systems are being installed. Galleries and museums desperately need a reliable radio transmission system, with a range of integrated piezo and motion sensors, manufactured by a reliable company and installed by knowledgeable technicians. The overall combination seems to be too stringent a demand for the present structure †¦ A number of new tagging systems have some on the market. The trick is to place a tag (and they’re cheap) on a valuable item and place receivers by doorways or restricted-flow areas. The receivers can then be coupled to alarms. Also, sensors can be placed at perimeter doors and coupled to automatic magnetic locks. Video motion-sensing that has user-definable detection fields and is directly coupled to automatic alphanumeric paging to security officers is  approaching the ultimate means of detection. (Burrows, p.38)With these systems and techniques being used by the museums and auction houses, the strain of handling art theft is being lifted from major research foundations. These foundations have been around for many years tracking down art thieves and missing pieces of art. Two major researches of these foundations are the International Foundation for Art Research (IFAR) and the Art Loss Register. International Foundation for Art Research (IFAR)The International Foundation for Art Research, known to cops and collectors far and wide as IFAR †¦ IFAR maintains an invaluable repository of data on missing goods ranging from masterworks to mind-boggling kitsch. Their computers, which house a clever program for storing and finding images of stolen valuables, now show more than 60,000 items carried away from homes and museums and other sites around the world in recent years †¦ For 25 years these issues have occupied IFAR, a modestly funded, nonprofit enterprise †¦ IFAR †¦ keeps track of as much †¦ as possible and often plays a role in recovering a purloined picture. IFAR not only uses its computers when it comes to lost art. The foundation also publishes its own newsletter. â€Å"IFAReports, the foundation’s newsletter about thefts and recoveries† is also a main part of the foundations success. (Dudar) The use of this newsletter gives the public information about missing artwork. â€Å"IFAReports also provides news of recoveries, but it is the vanished pieces that use up the most ink and paper.† (Dudar) Although â€Å"originally founded as a consumer protection agency against art forgery†, IFAR has emerged into a main art theft prevention foundation. â€Å"With a growing emphasis on due diligence when buying and selling art, the Art Loss Register of London is becoming an effective tool to combat fraud and recover lost and stolen pieces, users and providers of this service contend.† (Attrino) â€Å"The art loss register started in 1991 as a solution by the art and the insurance worlds to do something about the level of art theft, trade in stolen art and the lack of recoveries. The register created a database containing lists of stolen and missing art and antiques.† (Schillingford) This database allows law enforcements to be able to view art  that has been reported either stolen or missing. This not only aids law enforcement, but museums, auction houses, and buyer/collectors. â€Å"The Art Loss Register database holds numerous is losses looted from public and private collections between 1933 and 1945 and additional missing artworks for free.† (Schillingford)Art theft is a crime on the rise, but with the use of these foundations and the methods that are being used by museum security managers it is slowing declining. Art theft is something that because of system and human flaws will never be successfully prevented. It can however, be something that is so hard to do that a lack of interest will remain. The only way to successfully prevent art theft is to not own any at all. Bibliography: Works CitedAttrino, Tony. â€Å"Insurers Get Help In Tracking Stolen Art.† National UnderwriterProperty & Casualty-Risk & Benefits Management. Aug. 17, 1998. Vol. 102. N. 33. Pg. 45 (1). Burrows, Robin. â€Å"Artful Protection from Down Under.† Museum Security. Feb. 1992. Pg. 34, 37-8. Dudar, Helen. â€Å"Making a dent in the trafficking of stolen art.† Smithsonian. Sept. 1995. Vol. 26. N. 6. Pg. 34 (7). Journal of Commerce. Dec. 11, 1990.

Comparing TGI Fridays to Fusian Japanese Eatery †English Essay

Comparing TGI Fridays to Fusian Japanese Eatery – English Essay Free Online Research Papers Comparing TGI Fridays to Fusian Japanese Eatery English Essay The two restaurants that I chose for research were T.G.I. Friday’s and Fusian Japanese Eatery. I chose these two because I love Fridays for having a variety of foods, such as steak, hamburgers, chicken, spaghetti and many other items. On the other side, I love to eat Sushi and Fusian has an excellent selection and very tasty sushi, along with soups, salads, and lunch/dinner combinations. But mainly, I would categorize Fridays as an all around restaurant, and Fusian as a Sushi restaurant. As far as location goes, Fridays is located about 10 minutes away from UCF by car, going south on Alafaya, and is located in the Waterford Plaza, along with several other restaurants. Fusian is located right across from the UCF campus, so it is in walking distance. I had dinner at T.G.I.F. on Saturday, November 5th at around 6:30pm and I went to Fusian on Friday, November 4th at 8:00pm. I went with a friend of mine to Fridays, and the duration of the visit was about an hour. We had some trouble with the food, but Ill get to that later. I had 7 other people with me when I went to Fusian sushi, but only 6 of them, including me, ate something. The number of employees that I interacted with at Fridays was 3 people, and only 2 at Fusian Japanese eatery. The atmosphere of both restaurants are different, since one has a bar and ‘supports’ drinking, while the Japanese restaurant is more of a relaxing, tea kind of atmosphere. However, both places had their ups and downs, which I will talk about shortly. Outside In this section I will describe the outside setting and such of both restaurants, first talking about T.G.I. Friday’s and then Fusian. Fridays: This restaurant is very easy to find. If you go South on Alafaya, you will see it on the left side in a shopping plaza. It is located right by an entrance and its sign is brightly lit up. You can see it from several hundred feet away. And because it is in a shopping plaza, if you have been to the stores in the Waterford plaza, I am sure you would have seen the Fridays. I would say it’s pretty inviting. The Red, white, black coloring of it is very enticing for some reason, and as the name goes â€Å"Thank God It’s Friday† tells me that this place is somewhere to go to relax and have a good time. My friend and I got there at around 6:30pm on Saturday, so it was just before it gets really busy. I was able to find a parking spot right outside the main entrance, and there were many other spots open. The parking surface was smooth with no potholes or bad spots. Parking spaces are somewhat limited if it’s a busy night, but overall I would say they have around 50-60 spaces available. You can park all around the building, and they have several handicapped spaces right in front of the facility. The landscaping is in very good shape. The hedges are trimmed, the trees looked beautiful, and the flowers outside the entrance were taken care off. The mulch on the floor also added a very nice touch. Lighting on the outside is very good. It has huge lamp posts all around the plaza, which have a wide area of light. There are several lamps outside of Fridays, and 2 very bright lamps right at the entrance. I usually don’t have a problem with lighting outside of a restaurant, because I am a ‘strong’ male, but as far as a female should be concerned, I think the parking lot is lit enough all around, and they should feel safe walking around when they want to enter Fridays , or to leave. So I think overall it’s very safe. As I mentioned earlier, they have around 4-5 handicapped spots right in front of the entrance. Along with that, there is also a ramp which a person in a wheel chair could take. It has a sidewalk, with a lower opening, and then back to a raised sidewalk, where you can roll through. There are two large doors which can both be opened to accommodate such wheelchairs. The entrance was very easy to find. It was the most lit area of the building, and because there were trees and such, you knew there the entrance was. My friend and I didn’t have to wait, but if we did, there were 2 benches available inside for patrons who are waiting, and enough standing room outside if we had to wait. They also have a buzzer system, in which you get a little device, which lights up and vibrates once your table is ready. Overall, I really like the location, and general look of this Friday’s restaurant. It’s very appealing, and the outside is very well lit, and looks beautiful with all th e landscaping. Fusian: Fusian is quite a bit different than Fridays. First off, it’s located right across from UCF in the little plaza, so it’s in walking distance for students. It’s not that easy to find though. It is located on the far north side on the plaza, next to a small bar on one side, and another bigger building to the right of it which is another bar. It has a medium sized, lit up banner of its name, which displays â€Å"Fusian Japanese Eatery.† I went there with 7 other people, who have already been in the plaza before, but none have ever noticed this restaurant. I would say you could find this establishment Poorly to Fairly. It’s not quite inviting. It looks small from the outside, and has a small window next to the door. It has a menu on the door, and you can see curtains. Parking is good, since it’s a plaza, if you don’t mind walking you can park anywhere. The parking spots are available for any of the stores in the plaza, so you just try to f ind a spot closest to Fusian. We parked about 4 rows away from the entrance. Parking surface and quality were excellent. There is really no landscaping to speak off. Since it’s just a bunch of window fronts and a parking lot, there isn’t much landscaping to be had. However, several small trees have been spread around in pots, which make it a little bit nicer. Lighting is fair to moderate poor. There are a few light pots in the parking lot, which aren’t very bright, and there are some lamps located above the store fronts. Fusian itself is dark outside, as well as inside. The big building that is connected to it is not lit up at all, which creates shadows in front of Fusian. As I mentioned before, I was comfortable walking there, but if I was a girl walking there in the dark, I would feel somewhat uncomfortable and would be alert for people walking around. It could definitely use more light to be more secure. Handicapped spaces are located all over the parking lot, and some were in close proximity to the restaurant. I do believe that only 2 out of the 4 or 5 were available at 8:00pm when I went with my friends. I already knew where the restaurant was, but if I didn’t, I probably would have missed it and drove by it if I was looking for it. It’s pretty much hidden unless you know what you’re looking for. We went inside and were able to find a spot, but if we had to wait, there is no space inside. Fusian itself doesn’t offer any seating options outside for waiting, but if you wanted to sit, you could go next door to the bar, and sit outside at several small tables with 4 chairs each. Overall opinion on the outside is fair. It’s fairly dark outside, and could cause trouble with females once it’s dark outside. There are no options to sit if you have to wait, unless you go next door. It’s also hard to locate because of its location. Inside In this section I will describe the inside setting and such of both restaurants, first talking about T.G.I. Friday’s and then Fusian. Fridays: I have personally always liked Fridays, and it didn’t really matter if it wasn’t as clean as it could be. I think of it more as a grungy-bar type restaurant, than a formal sit down place. However, overall, it was very clean. The table that my friend and I sat was clean when we sat down, and the floor wasn’t overly dirty, although some small pieces of napkins and such were on the floor. So basically the cleanliness factor was good. I love the atmosphere of Fridays. It was glass windows on its wall cabinets, which display random artifacts, and lots of liquor bottles. It plays all kinds of music in the background, which isn’t loud or annoying at all. The chairs we sat in were pretty comfortable; however the booths with the cushions are much better. Temperature was also very comforting, id guess around 74-76, so it wasn’t warm, but it wasn’t cold either. Since my friend and I were there at 6:30 pm, we didn’t see too many people at the bar, and many tables were open. I know from earlier experiences that it can get pretty loud and rowdy once all the legal age college drinkers get to the bar. I went to the bathroom before the meal, and I found it to be quite dirty. There was water, perhaps urine, on the floor by the urinal and in the stall. There were also pieces of toilet paper and paper towels on the floor. The mirror had been splashed with water, and there was water over the sink area. I love Fridays soap personally. It is the soap that comes out of the dispenser as foam, which there was plenty of. Restroom quality could have been a lot better, but I am not one to go into any restaurant to sit down to do my ‘business.’ The layout of the restaurant is very clear and well thought out. Once you enter, you can go straight to the bar, or you can choose to sit at tables with 4 chairs each, or you can go across the restaurant to go sit in a booth. As I mentioned before, you can pretty much see across the whole floor because of the glass windows in the cabinets, which are filled with random artifacts and liquor bottles. The menu choices are incredible. You can eat anything from shrimp, to other fish, to steak, to burgers, to salads, so on and so on. You have a variety of appetizers or soups, side dishes, deserts and all kinds of drinks. Food could be smelled in the restaurant because the kitchen is open and doesn’t have doors; however, the smell was not strong. If anything, the smell was mostly neutral, and didn’t really smell like anything, so it didn’t bother me. The menu itself was about 5-6 pages in length, and included pictures next to some entrees, and described the ingredients, and properly displayed the prices, so you know exactly what you will be paying for whatever item you choose. Sense of safety on the establishment was excellent. Every few minutes I saw a waiter walk by, and we sat close to the hostess, so if anything happened, she would have seen it. There were also many sitting around us, so I felt safe. However, I did not see one manager walking around and talking to people, so if anything did happen, I wouldn’t be so sure that a manager would arrive in a quick manner. I didn’t ask if there was more than one present, or how far away he or she was, but I am assuming he was in the back or something. Handicap accessibility in the establishment was good. The isles were wide enough for people in wheelchairs to go through, and enough room for them to sit at a table. I don’t think they could sit in a booth, unless they got out of their wheelchair and worked hard to get into the booth. Overall, the bathroom could have been a lot cleaner, because it just makes me think about how they take care of their kitchen if the bathroom looks like it did . I felt safe inside, the menu was excellent, and the seating and atmosphere were very good. Fusian: Going to Fusian on Friday was my fourth visit for the restaurant, meaning that I enjoy eating there. The atmosphere of the restaurant is amazing. It is very fitting towards the Japanese theme, and it is very relaxing and comfortable. At all the times I have gone, especially this time, everything was very clean, from the table, to the floor. There is no background noise, and the patrons and workers are really quiet. There are several seating options. You can sit with another person at a single table, you can sit at a table which seats up to 8 people, or you can sit in a booth (NAME) in which you sit on top of a pillow which is one the floor, and you sit right under the table with your feet. The temperate in this restaurant was also very comfortable, not too warm, but not cold. I have never used the bathroom before, but decided to go and wash my hands. The bathroom itself was fairly small, with one toilet and a sink. It was very clean. There was nothing on the floor, and it looked like it had been taken care of. Can’t say that it could have been any cleaner. The layout is somewhat interesting. When you come in, there are two large tables to the right, and several small tables to the left. Right behind the two large tables it the bathroom. Across the room is the kitchen and Sushi prepare area. In that area, there is a walkway to the right, and if you walk that way, there is another room which is cut off from the restaurant opening, in which there are several tables to seat 5 people, and 2 tables to sit 8 people. In this part of the restaurant, there are also those BOOTHS in which you sit on the floor. So basically, if you haven’t been here before, you’d think that the room in which you first enter is all there is to the restaurant. You c an’t see the whole restaurant in one view, but the layout is very well thought out, to accommodate different levels of privacy. There are several ways you can order food. The server gives you a regular menu, which offers soups, salads, lunch and dinner combinations and appetizers. She also handed us a long sheet of paper, which had the names and ingredients along with the price of all the sushi that is available. There must have been at least 30-40 different sushi combinations available, all of which are freshly prepared once you order them. Prices are easily seen. You might think that a Sushi restaurant smells like fish, however, Fusian did not have any type of smell at all; it had a very neutral smell to it. Sense of safety inside was excellent. It’s a very small restaurant, and it’s somewhat crowded together, so if anything at all happened, the whole restaurant would know it. There were several servers walking around, so I felt safe. The only people that I saw walking around were the hostess, several servers, and then two cooks which prepared the Sushi. I don’t think I have ever seen a manager walking around, so I can’t vouch for any ‘real’ authority figures. As far as handicap accessibility goes, I would say that someone in a wheel chair would have a severe problem. As I mentioned, the restaurant is very small and compacted together, so the isles are not very wide. Also, tables are close together and you sit very close to your neighbors. They could improve in this area, but I wouldn’t see how without rearranging the whole inside. Overall, I really enjoyed eating here. The place is dimply lit, except above the tables, which creates a very quiet and relaxing mood. If you really want to feel like you’re in Japan, you can sit down on pillows on the floor in the BOOTHS. Tables and chairs are comfortable, and it’s just a great little restaurant. 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